logical fallacies review

Bandwagon

arguing something is true, right, or good just because it's popular or many people believe it

Circular Reasoning

an argument that comes back to its beginning without having proven anything

Red Herring

a logical fallacy where someone introduces an irrelevant topic or piece of information to distract from the main issue in an argument

False Authority

is claiming something is true just because a famous, irrelevant, or biased person says it is, instead of using actual evidence

Strawman

when someone misrepresents, exaggerates, or oversimplifies an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack

Either/Or

logical error where a complex issue with many possible solutions is oversimplified into just two extreme options

Hasty Generalization

jumping to a broad conclusion about a whole group or situation based on a very small, unrepresentative sample or insufficient evidence, essentially forming a stereotype too quickly

Slippery Slope

claiming an initial action will inevitably lead to a chain of increasingly bad consequences, without enough evidence that each step logically follows, often relying on fear of extreme outcomes

False Cause

where someone wrongly assumes that because two events are linked (one happens after the other, or they happen together), one caused the other, without enough evidence to prove a genuine causal link

Non-Sequitur

a logical fallacy where the conclusion drawn doesn't logically follow from the premises or evidence given

Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc

a logical fallacy assuming that because one event happened after another, the first event caused the second, when only a sequence in time is observed, not a causal link