CardioPulm Lab Values

Normal Blood Pressure

< 120 / < 80

Elevated BP

121–129 / < 80

Stage 1 Hypertension

130–139 / 80–89

Stage 2 Hypertension

≥140 / ≥ 90

Hypertensive Crisis

> 180 / > 120

Heart Rate

60–100 bpm

Tachycardia

> 100 bpm

Bradycardia

< 60 bpm

Respiratory Rate

12–20 breaths/min

Oxygen Saturation

≥ 95%

Temperature

98.6°F (37°C)

0–3 months

55–85 / 45–55

110–160

30–60

3–6 months

70–90 / 50–65

100–150

30–45

6–12 months

80–100 / 55–65

90–130

25–40

1–3 years

90–105 / 55–70

80–125

20–30

3–6 years

95–110 / 60–75

70–115

20–25

6–12 years

100–120 / 60–75

60–100

14–22

12–18 years

100–120 / 70–80

60–100

12–18

pH

7.35–7.45

PaO₂

80–100 mmHg

PaCO₂

35–45 mmHg

HCO₃⁻

22–26 mEq/L

Cardiac Output

4–8 L/min

Ejection Fraction

55–70%

Pulse Pressure

40–60 mmHg

Troponin

< 0.10 ng/mL

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

• 70–110 mmHg

Cardiac Index

• 2.6–4.24 L/min/m²

Rate Pressure Product

> 20,000 mmHg/min

Central Venous Pressure

0–8 mmHg

Right Atrial Pressure

2–6 mmHg

Right Ventricular Pressure

15–30 mmHg (systolic)

Left Ventricular Pressure

• 90–130 mmHg (systolic)

Pulmonary Artery Pressure

8–20 mmHg

Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure

4–12 mmHg

Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP)

> 80 cm H₂O

Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP)

~1.5 × MIP

PR Interval

0.12–0.20 seconds

QRS Duration

0.08–0.10 seconds

QT Interval

< 0.40 seconds

Intracranial Pressure

< 15 mmHg

Diaphragmatic Excursion

3–5 cm

ABI > 1.3 with no Pain

Non-reliable (arterial calcification, common in diabetes)

ABI 1.0-1.2 with no Pain

Normal

ABI 0.8-1 with Claudication with activity

MILD PAD; compression safe

ABI .5-.8 and Claudication with activity and at rest

Moderate PAD; refer to vascular specialist. Compression contraindicated if < 0.6; modified compression if 0.6–0.8

ABI < 0.5 and Severe pain at rest; Tissue death

Severe ischemia; compression ALWAYS contraindicated

Frank–Starling Mechanism

Preload ↑ → Myocardial stretch ↑ → Stroke volume ↑ (within physiological limits)

Cardiac Output (CO) Formula

Heart Rate × Stroke Volume

Rate Pressure Product (RPP) Equation

Heart Rate × Systolic Blood Pressure

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Equation

Diastolic BP + ⅓ (Systolic BP − Diastolic BP)

Pulse Pressure equation

Systolic BP − Diastolic BP

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV1)

greater or equal to 80% of Predicted

FVC

greater or equal to 80% of Predicted

FEV1/FVC Ration

greater or equal to 70% of Predicted; age adjusted

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)

greater or equal to 80% of Predicted

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

80-120% of Predicted

Residual Volume (RV)

80-120% of Predicted

Diffusing Capacity for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO)

80-120% of Predicted

Magnesium

1.3 – 2.1 mEq/L

Phosphate

3.0 – 4.5 mg/dL

Potassium

3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L

Calcium

9.0 – 10.5 mg/dL

Chloride

98 – 106 mEq/L

Sodium

136 – 145 mEq/L