Physiology Exam 3 (alexandria_nichole16)

The pulmonary circulation

Brings deoxygenated blood to the lungs

The vessel(s) that bring(s) blood to the right atruim

Superior and inferior vena cavae

The chamber that receives blood from the lungs

Left atrium

The action potential is normally initiated in the following region of the heart

SA node

The Purkinje fibers spread the action potential through

The ventricles of the heart

Depolarization of the ventricles occurs during the

QRS wave

In the cardiac cycle, blood enters the atria and ventricles during

Diastole

In order for the semilunar valve to open

ventricular pressure must be greater than Atrial pressure

The second heart sound occurs when the

Semilunar valves are closed

Cardiac output is determined by

Stoke volume & Heart rate

An increase in the venous return would

Increase heart rate

The factors that affect end-systolic volume (ESV)

Autonomic nervous system, Hormones, & Amount of ventricular stretching during diastole

The following is an organic substance found in plasma

Glucose

The formed elements of the blood consist of

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, & Platelets

The following protein maintains osmotic balance between the tissue fluid and the blood

Albumin

The following protein is involved in blood clotting

Fibrinogen

A biconcave shape is characteristic of

Erythrocytes

The hemoglobin molecule contains

Four subunits and iron

Carbaminohemoglobin consist of hemoglobin with the following attached to it

Carbon dioxide

The undifferentiated stem cell that gives rise to all the blood cels is the

Hemocytoblast

The following is a phagocytic leukocytes

Neutrophil, Eosinophils, & Monocytes

The following cells produces antibodies

Lymphocyte

The blood types are determined by the different types of

Erythrocyte surface antigens

A person with type a blood would have

A antigen, B antibody

An Rh negative person

Does not have Rh antigens

In the Rh blood group, antibody formation can only occur in

Rh negative people

The following factor is required for coagulation phase

Clotting factors & Calcium

Vitamin B12 is needed for

Hemocytoblast cell division

Pressure in the capillaries is greater than pressure in the

Veins

Resistance to blood flow due to the thickness of the blood is

Viscosity

Peripheral resistance results in

Increased blood pressure

A decrease in cardiac output results in

Decreased blood pressure

If the hydrostatic pressure is greater than the osmotic pressure in the capillary, net movement of molecules is

From the blood to the tissues

Baroceptors respond to change in

None of the above

The following sends input to the cardiac and vasomotor centers of the ANS

Chemoreceptors & Baroceptors

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) acts on the

Kidney

Aldosterone increases blood pressure through it effect on the

Kidney

Angiotensin II acts on the

Hypothalamus & Adrenal cortex

The release of natriuretic peptides is stimulated by

An increase in blood volume

The following hormone decreases blood pressure

Natriuretic peptides

The following is involved in filtration of lymph fluid

Lymph nodes

The following forms a physical barrier to pathogens (disease producing organisms)

Epithelium

The following substances act to inhibit viral replication

Interferons

The following substances act on the hypothalamus to increase body temperature

Pyrogens

The membrane attack complex (MAC) consists of

Complement proteins

Cell-mediated immunity is primarily involves the following cell type

T-lymphocytes

Proteins made in response to foreign substance are

Antibodies

The following type of T-lymphocyte kills pathogens

Cytotoxic

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (MHC proteins) is

A membrane proteins on the surface of all cells except RBCs

The following antibody region is specific for each antigen

Variable region

A decrease in the heart rate from 80 bpm to 65 bpm would

Have no effect on the end-diastolic volume (EDV)

The following statement is correct concerning immunological surveillance

NK cells kill tumor cells