Latin Grammar

Nominative

Used for the subject of a sentence

Vocative

used for directly addressing someone or something in a sentence.

Accusative

used for the direct object in a sentence.

Possessive Genitive

used to indicate ownership or relationship, often translating to 'of' in English.

Partitive Genitive

used to indicate a part of a whole

Dative

used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, often translating to 'to' or 'for' in English.

Ablative

used to accompany prepositions but can also be with accusative

Subject

the noun that is performing the action in the sentence

Direct Object

The noun that is receiving the action performed by the subject

Indirect Object

The noun that is receiving the direct object

1st Conjugation

o, are

2nd Conjugation

eo, ere

3rd Conjugation

o, ere

Mixed Conjugation

io, ere

4th Conjugation

io, ire

re- red- 

back

e-  ex-

out

a-  ab-

away

ad-

to/towards

con-

together

in-

in

1st Declension Fem.

-a, -ae

2nd Declension Masc.

-us/r, -i

2nd Declension Neut.

-um, -i

3rd Declension Masc

-, -is

3rd Declension Neut.

litus, litoris      mare, maris      nomen, nominis

i-stem

When third declension neuter nouns end in e, add an i infront of the ending

Adjective Agreement

The adjective must agree with the case, number and gender of the noun

1st Person SIngular

-o

1st Person Plural

-mus

2nd Person Singular

-s

2nd Person Plural

-tis

3rd Person Singular

-t

3rd Person Plural

-nt

Case

Is it nom, voc, acc, gen, dat, or abl

Gender

Is it masc, fem or neut

Person

Is it 1st, 2nd or 3rd person

Number

Is it sing or plu

Infinitive

to-

Imperative

Order given to someone.

Make imperative sing

Infinitive, take off -re

Make imperative plural (1st, 2nd, 4th conjugations)

Infinitive, remove the -re, add -te

Make imperative plural (3rd and Mixed conjugations)

Verb stem, add -ite