government cdf

checks and balances

a system in government where each branch has the power to limit the actions of the other branches, ensuring no one branch becomes too powerful.

self government

government of a country by its own people

articles of confederation

the first constitution of the United States, adopted in 1781.

It created a weak central government with limited powers, leading to issues such as lack of taxation authority and inability to regulate trade.

federalist papers

Federalist Papers

85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution.

popular sovereignty

the principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people.

democratic

anti-federalists

a group of individuals who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1787.

They believed in strong state governments and feared a strong central government.

They argued for a Bill of Rights

federalists

Argued for the ratification of the constitution

supported a strong central government,

Argued against the bill of rights

Seperation of powers

A principle in governance where power is divided among different branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

Due process

the state must respect all legal rights that are owed to a person. It ensures fair treatment through the judicial system.

The Bill of Rights

the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, which outline individual rights and freedoms.

19th amendment

granted women the right to vote

25th amendment

deals with presidential succession, vice presidential vacancy, and presidential disability.

enumerated powers

Specific powers granted to the federal government by the U.S. Constitution.

the power to coin money, regulate commerce, and declare war.

the federal system

A system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, such as states or provinces.

It allows for shared governance and autonomy at different levels.

Habeas corpus

a legal principle that protects individuals from unlawful detention by requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court.

Social Contract

an implicit agreement from the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits

Mapp v. Ohio

A court case which decided that evidence illegally obtained may not be used against someone in a court of law

Gideon v. Wainright

Requires states to provide attorneys to criminal defendents

Miranda v. Arizona

Law enforcement must read a person their constitutional rights before being interrogated

marbury v. Madison

The courts have the power to strike down laws that violate the comstitution

Judicial review

the ability of the Court to declare a Legislative or Executive act in violation of the Constitution

civil rights act of 1964

prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin

Jim crow Laws

Laws that enforced racial segregation

popular sovereignty

the leaders of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people

Social contract

an idea that usually concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual

Natural rights

those that are not dependent on the laws, customs, or beliefs of any particular culture or government, and are therefore universal and inalienable

Individual rights

freedom of speech, freedom of religion, the right to privacy, and the right to own property

Articles of confederation

an agreement among the 13 states of the United States that served as the nation's first frame of government

Rule of Law

a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country are accountable to the same laws

Seperation of Powers

the division of a state's government into branches

republicanism

The American Revolution, the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution

democracy

Federalism

legislative branch

Executive Branch

Judicial Branch