Early Elizabethan England

What year did Elizabeth 1 become queen at 25

1558

When was the religious settlement introduced

1559

When was the treaty of Edinburgh

And what was it

1560

Elizabeth secures throne from Mary Queen of Scots who agrees never to try take the English throne (tries anyway)

What year did the pope order catholics to refuse church services

1566

When was the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule

1566

When did Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England

1568

When was the revolt of the Northern Earls

1569

Who was Mary 1

Mary Tudor, Elizabeth’s older sister, died in 1558, wife of Phillip II

Who was the king of Spain who opposed a threat to Elizabeth

Phillip II

Who was the Duke of Alba

Spanish nobleman, sent by Phillip to Netherlands stop Dutch revolt

Who was Mary Queen of Scots

Second cousin of Elizabeth, Catholic, threat to Elizabeth

Who was James I

Son of Mary Queen of Scots, king of Scotland, succeeded Elizabeth to English throne

Who was Elizabeth’s Secretary of State

William Cecil

Who was the earl of Leicester, an influential Protestant and Elizabeth’s favourite

Robert Dudley

Who was Thomas Percy

Earl of Northumberland, leading Northern Earl, Catholic

Who was Thomas Howard

Duke of Norfolk, Protestant, supported the Revolt of Northern Earls, hoped to marry Mary Queen of Scots

What is it called when someone had the rightful heir to the throne

Legitimacy

Catholics questioned Elizabeth’s legitimacy

What is succession

The question of who would rule after Elizabeth

Who were at the top of the social hierarchy (Dukes and Lords) usually rich and powerful

The nobility

What is debt

When money is owed.

Elizabeth inherited £300,000 debt from her sister Mary I

What was the Church of England

Established by Henry VIII as an English alternative to religious rule by the pope

Who were Protestants

Followers of the Church of England ( believed in prayer and bible study)

What is the name given to radical Protestants who saw the bible as literal truth

Puritan

What is a Catholic

Follower of the Pope

Church services and bible in Latin, wanted crucifixion and vestments

Who is the papacy

The pope

Who was given the name of the Virgin Queen and why

Elizabeth - didn’t marry, married to nation

What country was a threat to England and also mostly Catholic but a growing group of Protestants

France

What is a powerful Catholic country which caused a threat to England

Spain

What country was originally Catholic but Protestant because the Lords took over the Treaty of Edinburgh (1560)

Scotland

What is a religious settlement

Elizabeth’s laws in religion. Attempted to please all religions and impose her will

What is the Act of Supremacy

Part of religious settlement. Elizabeth = Governor of Church of England. All had to swear oath of allegiance to her

What is the treaty of Edinburgh (1560)

Established Protestant Lords as in charge of Scotland, Mary stayed Queen, Mary supposed to give up her claim to Elizabeth’s throne

What was the Dutch Revolt

Dutch Protestants rebelled against Spanish control. Encouraged by Elizabeth

What was the Genoese Loan

Loan from Genoa to Phillip to pay soldiers in Netherlands. Elizabeth stole it

What is it called when you are cut from the Catholic Church and what did it mean

Excommunication

Meant that’s Elizabeth no longer seen by catholics as Gods representative on Earth, therefore it was not a sin to try to overthrow her