CPH term 1 final exam

What are non-medical drivers of health?

things that would impact health without directly being health centered; physical environment, housing, transportation, food, quality schools

what are some differences in health outcomes?

differences in burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by a specific group or population; economic inequalities, environmental threats, difference in access to healthcare

How can we eliminate differences in health outcomes?

screen for social characteristics, review data regularly, get feedback from patients

What are some screening tips you can use for screening for non-medical drivers?

use a respectful tone, ask open-ended questions, give non-judgemental response, pay attention to what’s not being said

What are the components of trust?

competence, communication, compassion, consistency, confidentiality

Why might some people not trust medical care providers?

insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, increase in disease screenings→ higher detection rates, expansion of diagnosis of medical conditions→ resulting in more sick people, efficiency of medical advancement

what are some historical examples of unethical medical practices?

The Tuskgee experiment: alabama black men being infected with syph and then studied, even after penicillin was found as an effective treatment

Veteran Hospital Suspicious Death: VA patient being killed over insulin injection, despite non diabetic

Sterilization of women without informed consent: mexican immigrants were sterilized without consent

What are some consequences for a lack of patient-provider trust?

decreased engagement with the healthcare system, lower participation in health research, decreased adherence to care plan, decrease in quality of care

What are some ways to build patient-provider trust?

develop a good rapport with patients, listen, beware of body language, respect autonomy, speak positively about medical staff, be mindful of how you communicate

What are some ways to address skepticism?

acknowledge the patient concerns, ask the patient to explain their concerns, explain what you do know about the matter, provide information about best practice guidelines, provide patient with additional info, make yourself available to answer questions/concerns

What is the definition of a hidden filter?

the brains tendency to unconsciously categorize and evaluate people based on social groupings, shaped by past experiences, cultural exposure, and societal norms

How does the amygdala impact our hidden filters?

its responsible for associating emotional processing, specifically fear or threat detection. When triggered it send signal to hypothalamus, then sends signal to ANS, which activated the SNS and PNS to either do fight or flight or the rest/digest measure.

What does cortisol do to the body?

keeps body revved up and on high alert until threat is resolved, short-term is good for protection, long term can be damaging

what parts make up the emotion cognition network of the brain?

the amygdala (emotional processing), the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, cognitive control and regulation), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC, cognitive detection and monitoring)

How do hidden filters impact patient care?

decreases trust, decreases patient understanding, decreases patient adherence, decreases self-efficacy, decreases patient satisfaction, hinders providers level of interpersonal effectiveness, decreases job satisfaction for the provider

How can we mitigate hidden filters?

reappraise emotional events to alter effect, reconsolidation of memories, recognize your own perspective, build empathy, practice mindfulness, activate goals that promote fairness

What is the title VI of the civil rights act of 1964?

prohibits discrimination based on race, color, and national origin in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance

what are the 4 types of communication styles?

passive, aggressive, passive-aggressive, assertive

what are some ways you can promote health literacy in clinical practice?

use plain nonmedical language, limit info to 3 key points, confirm patient understands information, use easy to read materials someone can use at a 6th grade level of below, avoid using words with more than 2 syllables, use forms with check boxes, use bold for keywords on forms