The 13 Early American Colonies - Unit 03

What were the three regions of the American Colonies?

New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies.

Why did most colonists come to America?

For freedom, especially religious freedom and opportunity.

What does "colony" mean?

A settlement ruled by a distant country.

Which country ruled over the 13 colonies?

England.

What book shaped most colonial laws and morals?

The Bible.

What was the main reason many colonists valued self-government?

They believed God gives authority to the people, not kings alone.

Name the New England Colonies.

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire.

Who were the Pilgrims?

English Separatists who came to worship God freely.

What ship brought the Pilgrims to America?

The Mayflower.

What agreement did the Pilgrims write before landing?

The Mayflower Compact.

Why was the Mayflower Compact important?

It was the first self-government in America, based on covenant with God.

What year did the Pilgrims arrive in Plymouth?

1620.

Who led the Puritans to Massachusetts Bay?

John Winthrop.

What did John Winthrop mean by "a city upon a hill"?

A model Christian community for the world to see.

What colony was founded by Pastor Roger Williams?

Rhode Island.

What was special about Rhode Island

It allowed complete religious freedom and separated the government from controlling the church.

Who founded Connecticut?

Pastor Thomas Hooker.

What was/is Connecticut known as?

The "Constitution State" - It had the first written constitution in America, based on biblical principles.

What did the New England colonies mainly do for work?

Fishing, shipbuilding, lumber, and trade.

How did the Pilgrims and colonist's faith affect daily life?

Church was central—laws and education were built around God's Word.

Name the Middle Colonies.

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

Who founded Pennsylvania?

William Penn.

What religious group was William Penn part of

The Quakers.

What did William Penn call his colony?

The Holy Experiment, to show how Christians could live in peace.

What did William Penn believe about government?

It should treat people fairly and protect freedom of religion.

How did Penn treat the Native Americans?

With respect and honesty—he made peace treaties instead of fighting. He also bought his land multiple times from different native groups who claimed it, instead of just taking it because the king "gave it to him."

What was the capital of Pennsylvania?

Philadelphia (means the "City of Brotherly Love").

Why were the Middle Colonies called the "breadbasket colonies"?

They produced large amounts of grain and food.

Which colony started as a Dutch settlement?

New York, originally called New Netherland.

Why were the Middle Colonies known for tolerance?

Many faiths and nationalities lived together peacefully.

Name the Southern Colonies.

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

What was the first permanent English settlement in America?

Jamestown, Virginia (1607).

Who was the leader that helped Jamestown survive?

Captain John Smith, who enforced hard work and discipline.

What biblical principle did John Smith quote?

"He who will not work, shall not eat." (2 Thessalonians 3:10)

What crop saved Jamestown's economy?

Tobacco, grown by John Rolfe.

Who was Pocahontas, and why was she important?

A Native American who helped bring peace between tribes and colonists.

What was the Virginia House of Burgesses?

The first representative assembly in the colonies.

Who founded Maryland, and why?

Lord Baltimore, as a refuge for Catholics.

What was the Toleration Act of 1649 in Maryland?

A law granting religious freedom to all Christians.

Who founded Georgia, and for what purpose?

General James Oglethorpe, for debtors and the poor to start fresh.

What was the main economy of the Southern Colonies?

Farming (especially cash crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo).

What moral failure became part of the Southern economy?

Slavery, which contradicted biblical equality.

What idea guided most colonial governments?

Self-government under God's authority.

What phrase describes the idea of people governing themselves?

"Consent of the governed."

What was the main goal of colonial education?

To teach children (boys and girls alike) to read the Bible.

What was the first college in America?

Harvard, founded to train ministers in 1636.

What did early Americans believe about rights and freedom?

That rights come from God, not from the king or government.

How did colonial pastors influence communities?

They founded many of the colonies and taught moral truth, unity, and personal responsibility before God.

Why is studying the colonies important for Christians today?

It reminds us that freedom and faith go hand in hand.

How many colonies did we have in early America?

13

What did Puritans want to do in the church?

Purify it from within.

Where did the first permanent English settlers come ashore in America and what was the first thing they did?

Cape Henry, Virginia in 1607; they set up a cross and made a covenant with God led by Rev. Robert Hunt.

Who was the Pilgrim leader?

William Bradford.

What colony was originally called New Sweden?

Delaware

What colony became the first state?

Delaware

Which colony split in two?

North and South Carolina

New Jersey was originally:

East Jersey and West Jersey until the two merged into New Jersey

Who was Maryland named after?

Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ.

Which colony contributed ideas to the Declaration of Independence?

Pennsylvania

Which colony was the last colony?

Georgia

What is the name of the feast the Pilgrims and Native Americans celebrated together, and it's now a yearly holiday?

Thanksgiving

What area was the New Hampshire colony part of (North, Middle, or South)?

New England

What colony used the Hudson River for trade?

New York

What animal was heavily used for profit in the middle colonies?

The Beaver, used for hats mostly.

What colony was culturally and ethnically diverse?

New York