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What were the two main political parties established by the election of 1800?
Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.
What was the key event in the election of 1800 that required the House of Representatives to break a tie?
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied.
Why did France sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States?
Napoleon needed money to focus on fighting Britain.
What constitutional dilemma did Thomas Jefferson face regarding the Louisiana Purchase?
He questioned whether he had the power to purchase land as a strict constitutionalist.
What was the outcome of the Lewis and Clark expedition?
Greater scientific knowledge and stronger US claims to Oregon territory.
What was the purpose of the Embargo Act of 1807?
To punish Great Britain by halting American ships from going to any foreign ports.
What major conflict led to the War of 1812?
Continuous violations of neutral rights at sea by France and Great Britain.
What was one significant result of the War of 1812?
It ended with the Treaty of Ghent, which restored prewar boundaries without any concessions.
What did the Monroe Doctrine assert?
European nations should not intervene in the Western Hemisphere.
What economic strategy did Henry Clay propose to advance national development?
The American System, which included protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
An agreement that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, prohibiting slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30' line.
What technological innovation connected the East and West during the Market Revolution?
The Erie Canal.
What marked the shift in American society after the Market Revolution?
A transition towards industrialization and a change in the nature of work for families.
What were some effects of increased immigration in the United States from 1820 to 1850?
The population doubled and urban life became more crowded with poor sanitation and crime.
What was one major achievement of organized labor by the mid-1800s?
The establishment of a 10-hour workday.
