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Philosophy
The love of wisdom; the pursuit of knowledge and understanding.
Political Philosophy
A type of philosophy that examines the best political order and the nature of political life.
Socrates' Belief
Philosophy is about taking care of our souls by seeking knowledge and understanding.
Value Judgments in Political Philosophy
Decisions should be based on reason, not personal opinions.
Political Community
The most complete form of human society, as seen in the polis (city-state).
Political Regimes
Different systems of governance within a polis, including monarchy, democracy, and oligarchy.
International Relations (IR)
An academic field studying the relationships between states and non-state actors.
Allegory of the Cave
Plato's metaphor illustrating how perception can be distorted, similar to how leaders may misinterpret reality in IR.
Platoâs Tripartite Soul
The three parts of the soul: Reason (Wisdom), Spirit (Courage), Appetite (Temperance).
Plato's Political Regimes
Aristocracy (rule by the wise), Monarchy (rule by a virtuous leader), and others that describe just and unjust governance.
Aristotleâs Rule of Law
Laws that should be fair, apply to everyone, and prevent corruption.
Cicero's Commonwealth (Res Publica)
A community united by laws and dedicated to the common good.
Stoicism
A philosophy emphasizing control over reactions, virtue as the highest goal, and seeking inner peace.
Aquinasâ View on Faith and Reason
Both come from God and cannot contradict each other.
Divine Grace
A gift from God that strengthens the soul to live virtuously and achieve salvation.
Three Freedoms of Mill
Freedom of Thought, Freedom of Action, and Freedom of Association.
Kantâs Categorical Imperative
A moral rule that states one should only act in a way that could be a universal law.
Marxâs Critique of Capitalism
Capitalism is exploitative, creating inequality and leading to eventual collapse.
Historical Materialism
Marx's concept that history is shaped by economic factors and class struggles.
Utilitarianism
The ethical theory that suggests actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
Hobbesâ Social Contract
An agreement where people give up some freedoms in exchange for security and order.
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