intro to programming - chapter 4 syntax

Importing the Graphics Library

• import graphics
  → Use full module name for each command (e.g., graphics.GraphWin()).

• from graphics import *
  → Use commands directly (e.g., GraphWin()).

Creating a Graphics Window

• win = GraphWin()
  → Opens a default 200×200 pixel window

Creating Points

• p = Point(x, y)
  → Defines a location in the window.

Creating and Drawing Shapes

• circ = Circle(Point(x, y), radius)
  → Creates a circle with center and radius.

• circ.draw(win)
  → Draws the circle in the window.

Customizing Shapes

• circ.setFill('color')
  → Fills shape with color.

• circ.setOutline('color')
  → Sets outline color.

Creating Polygons

• triangle = Polygon(p1, p2, p3)
  → Creates a triangle from three points.

Working with Text

• message = Text(Point(x, y), "Your message")
  → Creates a text object.

• message.draw(win)
  → Displays the text in the window.

• message.setText("New message")
  → Updates the displayed text.

Handling Mouse and Keyboard Input

• win.getMouse()
  → Waits for a mouse click.

• win.getKey()
  → Waits for a key press.

Using Entry Boxes

• inputBox = Entry(Point(x, y), width)
  → Creates a text entry field.

• inputBox.draw(win)
  → Displays the entry box.

• inputBox.getText()
  → Retrieves user input from the box.