Periodic Table Review

Flashcards to review key concepts and trends from the Periodic Table lecture.

Who devised the first periodic table?

Dmitri Mendeleev (Russia) and Lothar Meyer (Germany)

On what was Mendeleev's classification based?

Primarily on chemical properties of the elements

On what was Meyer's classification based?

Physical properties

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table referred to as?

Groups

What are the horizontal columns in the periodic table referred to as?

Periods

What is the most important regularity in the periodic table?

All elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

What happens to ionization energy as the atomic number increases within a group?

Ionization energy decreases

What happens to the atomic radius of elements within a period as the atomic number increases?

Atomic radius generally decreases.

What happens to metallic character as you move across a period?

Metallic character decreases

What happens to electronegativity as you move across a period?

Electronegativity increases

Where on the periodic table are metals located?

Left side of the stair-step line

Where on the periodic table are nonmetals located?

Right side of the stair-step line

Where on the periodic table are metalloids located?

Both sides of the zigzag line

What do metals tend to do with their valence electrons?

Lose their valence electrons easily.

What type of oxides do metals form?

Basic oxides

What do non-metals tend to do with their valence electrons?

Gain or share valence electrons easily.

What type of oxides do non-metals form?

Acidic oxides

What is ionization enegry?

The energy required to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion

What is electron affinity defined as?

Enthalpy change that results from the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom.

What is electronegativity the measurement of?

An atom to compete for electrons in a bond