ap lang vocab 7, 8, 9

au-STERE

(adj.) severe or stern in manner; without adonratement or luxury, simple, plain; harsh or sour in flavor

synonyms: forbidding, rigorous, puritanical, ascetic, unadorned

antonyms: mild, indulgent, luxurious, flamboyant

be-NEF-i-cent

(adj.) performing acts of kindness or charity; conferring benefits, doing good

synonyms: humanitarian, magnanimous, charitable

antonyms: selfish, curle, harmful, deleterious

ca-DAV-er-ous

(adj.) pale, gaunt, resembling a corpse

synonyms: corpselike, wasted, haggard, emaciated, ghastly

antonyms: robust, portly, rosy, the picture of health

con-COCT

(v.) to prepare by combining ingredients, make up (as a dish); to devise, invent, fabricate

synonyms: create, fashion, rustle up

crass

(adj.) coarse, unfeeling

synonyms: crude, tasteless, obtuse

antonyms: refined, elegant, tasteful, polished, brilliant

de-BASE

(v.) to lower in character, quality, or value; to degrade, adulterate; to cause to deteriorate

DES-e-crate

(v.) to commit sacrilege upon, treat irreverently; to contaminate, pollute

synonyms: profane, defile, violate

antonyms: revere, venerate, consecrate

dis-con-CERT

(v.) to confuse; to disturb the composure of

synonyms: upset, rattle, ruffle, faze

antonyms: relax, calm, put at ease

GRAN-di-ose

(adj.) grand in an impressive or stately way; marked by pompous affectation or grandeur, absurdly exaggerated

synonyms: majestic, bombastic, highfalutin

antonyms: simple, modest, humble

in-con-se-QUEN-tial

(adj.) trifling, unimportant

synonyms: trivial, negligible, paltry

antonyms: important, essential, crucial

in-FRAC-tion

(n.) a breaking of a law or obligation

synonyms: violation, transgression, offense

MIT-i-gate

(v.) to make milder or softer, to moderate in force or intensity

synonyms: lessen, relieve, alleviate

antonyms: aggravate, intensify, irritate, exacerbate

PILL-age

(v.) to rob of goods by open force (as in wr), plunder; (n.) the act of looting; booty

synonyms: (v.) ravage, sack, loot; (n.) booty

prate

(v.) to talk a great deal in a foolish or aimless fashion

synonyms: prattle, blab, palaver

antonyms: come to the point

punc-TIL-i-ous

(adj.) very careful and exact, attentive to fine points of etiquette

synonyms: precise, scrupulous

antonyms: careless, perfunctory

re-DOUB-ta-ble

(adj.) inspiring fear or awe; illustrious, eminent

synonyms: formidable, august

antonyms: laughable, risible

re-PROVE

(v.) to find fault with, scold, rebuke

synonyms: chastise, upbraid, reproach

antonyms: praise, commend, laud, pat on the back

res-ti-TU-tion

(n.) the act of restoring someone or something to the rightful owner or to a former step or positional making good on a loss or damage

synonyms: reimbursement, redress, restoration

STAL-wart

(adj.) strong and sturdy; brave; resolute; (n.) a brave, strong person; a strong supporter; one who takes an uncompromising position

synonyms: (adj.) sturdy, stout, intrepid, valiant; (n.) mainstay

antonyms: (adj.) weak, infirm, irresolute, vacillating

VUL-ner-a-ble

(adj.) open to attack; capable of being wounded or damaged; unprotected

synonyms: defenseless, unguarded

antonyms: invincible, protected, safe, secure

ac-ri-MO-ni-ous

(adj.) stinging, bitter in temper or tone

synonyms: biting, rancorous, hostile, peevish

antonyms: gentle, warm, mild, cordial

BO-vine

(adj.) resembling a cow or ox; sluggish, unresponsive

con-ster-NA-tion

(n.) dismay, confusion

synonyms: shock, amazement, bewilderment, dismay

antonyms: calm, composure, aplomb

COR-pu-lent

(adj.) having a large, bulky body

synonyms: obese, stout, portly

antonyms: spare, gaunt, emaciated

dis-a-VOW

(v.) to deny responsibility for or connection with

synonyms: disclaim, retract, abjure

antonyms: acknowledge, admit, grant, certify

dis-PASS-io-nate

(adj.) impartial; calm, free from emotion

synonyms: unbiased, disinterested, cool, detached

antonyms: committed, engaged, partial, biased

di-SSEN-sion

(n.) disagreement, sharp difference of opinion

synonyms: strife, discord, contention

antonyms: agreement, accord, harmony

DISS-i-pate

(v.) to cause to disappear; to scatter, dispel; to spend foolishly, squander; to be extravagant in pursuit of pleasure

synonyms: disperse, strew, diffuse, waste

antonyms: gather, collect, conserve, husband

EX-pur-gate

(v.) to remove objectionable passages or words from a written text; to cleanse, purify

synonyms: purge, censor, bowdlerize

GAUNT-let

(n.) an armored or protected glove; a challenge; two lines of men armed with weapons with which to bea a person forced to run between them; an ordeal

synonyms: dare, provocation, trial, punishment

hy-po-THET-i-cal

(adj.) based on an assumption or guess; used as a provisional or tentative idea to guide or direct investigation

synonyms: assumed, supposed, conditional

antonyms: actual, real, tested, substained

ig-NO-ble

(adj.) mean, low, base

synonyms: inferior, unworthy, sordid

antonyms: admirable, praiseworthy, lofty, noble

im-PUGN

(v.) to call into question; to attack as false

synonyms: challenge, deny, dispute, query, question

antonyms: confirm, prove, verify, validate

in-TEM-per-ate

(adj.) immoderate, lacking in self-control; inclement

synonyms: excessive, extreme, unrestrained, inordinate

antonyms: moderate, restained, cool and collected

O-dium

(n.) hatred, contempt; disgrace or infamy reusting from hateful conduct

synonyms: abhorrence, opprobrium, shame, ignominy

antonyms: esteem, admiration, approbation

PER-fi-dy

(n.) faithlessness, treachery

synonyms: betrayal, disloyalty, treason

antonyms: faithfulness, loyalty, steadfastness

REL-e-gate

(v.) to place in a lower position; to assign, refer, turn over; to banish

synonyms: transfer, consign, demote, exile

antonyms: promote, elevate, advance, recall

SQUEA-mish

(adj.) inclined to nausea; easily shocked or upset; excessively fastidious or refined

synonyms: nauseated, queasy, delicate, oversensitive, priggish

sub-SER-vi-ent

(adj.) subordinate in capacity or role; submissively obedient serving to promote some end

synonyms: secondary, servile, obsequious, useful

antonyms: primary, principal, bossy, domineering

su-SCEP-ti-ble

(adj.) open to; easily influenced; lacking in resistance

synonyms: vulnerable, receptive, impressionable

antonyms: resistant, immune

a-BATE

(v.) to make less in amount, degree, etc.; to subside, become less; to nullify; to deduct, omit

synonyms: diminish, decrease, subside, let up

antonyms: intensify, increase, magnify, wax

ad-u-LA-tion

(n.) praise or flattery that is excessive

synonyms: adoration, idolization, hero-worship

antonyms: ridicule, derision, odium

a-NATH-e-ma

(n.) an object of intense dislike; a curse or strong denunciation (often used adjectivally without the article)

synonyms: malediction, imprecation, abomination

antonyms: benediction, blessing

a-STUTE

(adj.) shrewd, crafty, showing practical wisdom

synonyms: acute, sagacious, judicious, wily

antonyms: obtuse, doltish, empty-headed, dumb

AV-ar-ice

(n.) a greedy desire, particularly for wealth

synonyms: cudpity, rapcity, accquisitveness

CUL-pa-ble

(adj.) deserving blame, worth of condemnation

synonyms: guilty, delinquent, peccant, blameworthy

antonyms: blameless, innocent, laudable, meritorious

DIL-a-tor-y

(adj.) tending to delay or procrastinate; not prompt; intended to delay or postpone

synonyms: stalling, slow, tardy, laggard

antonyms: prompt, punctual, speedy, expeditious

e-GRE-gious

(adj.) conspicuous, standing out from the mass (used particularly in an unfavorable sense)

synonyms: glaring, flagrant, blatant

antonyms: unnoticeable, paltry, piddling

e-QUIV-o-cate

(v.) to speak or act in a way that allows for more than one interpretation; to be deliberately vague or ambiguous

synonyms: to talk out of both sides of one’s mouth, palter, hedge

antonyms: to speak one’s mind plainly

ev-a-NESC-ent

(adj.) vanishing, soon passing away; light and airy

synonyms: epherma transient, transitory

antonyms: everlasting, immortal, imperishable

irr-ES-o-lute

(adj.) unable to make up ones mind, hesitating

synonyms: indecisive, vaccinating, wavering

antonyms: determined, decisive, unwavering

NEB-u-lous

(adj.) cloudlike, resembling a cloud; cloudy in color, not transparent; vague, confused, indistinct

NOV-ice

(n.) one who is just a beginner at some activity requiring skill and experience (also used adjectivally)

synonyms: neophyte, tyro, trainee, apprentice

antonyms: veteran, past master, pro, expert

PEN-u-ry

(n.) extreme poverty; barrenness, insufficiency

synonyms: destitution, indigence

antonyms: affluence, luxury

pre-TEN-tious

(adj.) done for show, striving to make a big impression; claiming merit or position unjustifiable; ambitious

synonyms: ostentatious, inflated

antonyms: unaffected, modest

re-ca-PIT-u-late

(v.) to review a series of facts; to sum up

synonyms: review, summarize, go over

re-SUS-ci-tate

(v.) to revive, bring back to consciousness or existence

synonyms: revitalize, reaminate, restore, reactivate

SLOV-en-ly

(adj.) untidy, dirty, creless

synonyms: unkept, slatternly, lax

antonyms: neat, meticulous

supp-o-SIT-ion

(n.) something that is assumed or taken for granted without conclusive evidence

synonyms: assumption, presumption, hypothesis

TOR-pid

(adj.) inactive, sluggish, dull

synonyms: lethargic, languid

antonyms: energetic, vigorous