Sulfates, Carbonates, Tungstates, Phosphates

Anhydrite

• CaSO₄

• Hardness: 3.5

• Luster: pearly, viterous, greasy, earthy

• Streak: white

• Color: colorless, white, pale blue, mauve, rose, pale brown

• Cleavage: 3 planes, 90, cubic

• Fracture: conchoidal

• SG: 3

• Habit: fibrous, massive, rarely tabular and prismatic

• Other: orthorhombic, brittle, powdery

Barite

• BaSO₄

• Hardness: 3-3.5

• Luster: vitreous, pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: colorless, white, light gray/blue/yellow/brown

• Cleavage: 3 planes, 90, cubic

• Fracture: uneven

• SG: 4.3-5

• Habit: tabular, fibrous, massive

• Other: orthorhombic, brittle

Celestite

• SrSO₄

• Hardness: 3-3.5

• Luster: vitreous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: white, pale blue, greyish, other pale colors

• Cleavage: 2 planes

• Fracture: uneven

• SG: 4

• Habit: tabular to pyramidal crystals

• Other: orthorhombic, brittle, fluorescence

Gypsum

• CaSO₄ • 2H₂O

• Hardness: 1.5 - 2

• Luster: vitreous to silky to pearly to waxy

• Streak: white

• Color: colorless, white, some color impurities

• Cleavage: 1 good planes, 2 less distinct planes, not 90, kinda flaky

• Fracture: conchoidal or splintery

• SG: 2.3

• Habit: massive, elongated or prismatic crystals

• Other: monoclinic, flexible

Calcite

• CaCO₃

• Hardness: 3

• Luster: vitreous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: colorless, white, maybe brownish

• Cleavage/Fracture: three planes, not 90, rhombohedral

• Fracture: conchoidal

• SG: 2.71

• Habit: rhombohedral, botryoidal, drusy, massive

• Other: trigonal, brittle

Siderite

• FeCO₃

• Hardness: 3.75-4.25

• Luster: vitreous to silky to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: pale yellow to tan, gray, brown, other dark colors

• Cleavage: 3 perfect plane, not 90

• Fracture: uneven to conchoidal

• SG: 4

• Habit: tabular, maybe curved, botryoidal to massive

• Other: trigonal, brittle

Rhodochrosite

• MnCO₃

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: vitreous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: pinky, rosy, red, maybe brownish or yellowish

• Cleavage: 3 planes not 90

• Fracture: uneven, conchoidal

• SG: 3.7

• Habit: rhombohedral or scalenohedral, columnar, massive

• Other: trigonal, brittle

Smithsonite

• ZnCO₃

• Hardness: 4.5

• Luster: vitreous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: white, gray, green to blue

• Cleavage/Fracture: 3 planes, not 90

• SG: 4.5

• Habit: botryoidal, massive

• Other: trigonal, brittle

Dolomite

• CaMg(CO₃)₂

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: viterous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: white, gray, pinkish, brownish

• Cleavage: 3 planes, not 90, rhombohedral, conchoidal fracture

• Fracture: conchoidal

• SG: 2.85

• Habit: tabular, curved faces, columnar, massive

• Other: trigonal, brittle

Aragonite

• CaCO₃

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: viterous, waxy, resinous

• Streak: white

• Color: white, red, or anything

• Cleavage: 1 visible cleav

• Fracture: subconcoihdal

• SG: 3

• Habit: dendritic, pseduo-hexagonal, acicular, tabular, coral-like

• Other: orthorhombic, very brittle

Malachite

• Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: adamantine to vitreous

• Streak: light green

• Color: green, bright to dark

• Cleavage: 1 plane

• Fracture: subconchoidal to uneven

• SG: 3.6-4

• Habit: massive, botryoidal, layered

• Other: monoclinic

Azurite

• Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: vitreous

• Streak: light blue

• Color: blue, bright to dark

• Cleavage: 1 plane, slight on a second plane

• Fracture: conchoidal

• SG: 3.7

• Habit: massive, prismatic, tabular

• Other: monoclinic, brittle

Wolframite

• (Fe, Mn) WO₄

• Hardness: 4-4.5

• Luster: submetallic to resinous

• Streak: reddish brown

• Color: grayish to brownish black

• Cleavage: 1 plane

• Fracture: uneven

• SG: 7-7.5

• Habit: tabular to prismatic crystals

• Other: monoclinic

Scheelite

• CaWO₄

• Hardness: 4.5-5

• Luster: viterous to adamantine

• Streak: white

• Color: colorless, white, gray, brown, lots of brown-yellow-orange-red shades

• Cleavage: 1 plane visible

• Fracture: subconchoidal to uneven

• SG: 6

• Habit: pseudo-octahedra, massive, columnar

• Other: tetragonal, brittle, fuzzy

Apatite

• Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F, Cl, OH)

• Hardness: 5

• Luster: vitreous

• Streak: white

• Color: greenish or colorless, pinkish or brownish

• Cleavage: indistinct 1 plane

• Fracture: conchoidal to uneven

• SG: 3.2

• Habit: tabular, prismatic, massive

• Other: hexagonal

Turquoise

• CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ • 4H₂O

• Hardness: 5-6

• Luster: waxy

• Streak: bluish white

• Color: turquoise, blue-green

• Cleavage: 2 planes

• Fracture: conchoidal

• SG: 2.6-2.9

• Habit: massive

• Other: triclinic

Wavellite

• Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH,F)₃ • 5H₂O

• Hardness: 3.5-4

• Luster: vitreous to resinous to pearly

• Streak: white

• Color: green to yellowish green

• Cleavage: 2 planes

• Fracture: uneven

• SG: 2.36

• Habit: spherical, radial

• Other: orthorhombic