9.1 Data Visualization

Misleading Data

Misuse of numerical data either intentionally or by error

Represented Data

See trends, patterns, and anomalies through graphics, making vivid data

Cherry-picking

Choosing data that supports your view while ignoring data that goes against it

Bias

Systematic error that occurs at any stage, affecting the accuracy + reliability of conclusions drawn from the data

Labeling

Easier for users to understand data visualizations by using text to reinforce visual concepts

Audience Identification

Knowing their hopes, fears, motivations, questions, and the language they use

Expert Audience

People with special context that require detailed info in the visualizations

Layperson Audience

People with no context that require simplified understandable visualizations

Storyboarding

Flow of information in a visual narrative to tell a coherent + engaging story

Empathy Mapping

Understanding the audience's perspective, emotions, and needs to create visualizations resonating with them

Visualization Hierarchy

Structuring visual elements to guide the audience's attention + emphasize key information

Pre-attentive Attributes

Leveraging visual features that are quickly perceived by the brain before conscious attention, such as color/size

Grouping

Categorizing related data points to highlight patterns/relationships

Layout

Arranging visual elements to optimize the overall presentation

Color Palette

Set of pleasing colors that effectively communicates information

Whitespace

Use of empty space to reduce clutter + improve visual clarity

Data-ink Ratio

Amount of ink/pixels used for conveying information rather than non-data ink

Annotation

Adding explanatory notes/labels to clarify data points + trends

Visual Annotations

Using graphics to draw attention to specific areas/insights

Textual Annotations

Providing additional information via written explanations/labels

Layering

Overlapping visual elements to convey multiple dimensions/levels of information

Simplification

Streamlining complex information to make it more accessible and understandable

Information Overload

Present information in a digestible way, avoiding overwhelming the audience