Vocab level g unit 4

Atrophy

n. the wasting away of a body organ or tissue any progressive decline or failure; v. to waste away SYN: n. degeneration, deterioration; v. wither ANT: growth, development v. mature, develop

Bastion

n. fortified place, stronghold SYN: citadel, rampart, bulwark, parapet

Concord

n. a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant ANT: disagreement, strife, discord

Consummate

adj. complete or perfect in the highest degree; v. to bring to a state of completion SYN: adj. masterful; v. clinch, conclude ANT: v. launch, initiate, begin, kick off

Disarray

n. disorder, confusion; v. to throw into disorder SYN: disorganization, dishevel, mess up ANT: organization, order, tidiness

Exigency

n. urgency, pressure; urgent demand, pressing need, emergency SYN: requirement, crisis

Flotsam

n. floating debris, homeless, impoverished people SYN: floating wreckage

Frenetic

adj. frenzied, highly agitated SYN: frantic, overwrought ANT: calm, collected, relaxed, leisurely

Glean

v. to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers SYN: collect, cull, pick up

Grouse

n. a type of game bird; a complaint; v. to complain, grumble SYN: v. gripe, kvetch, bellyache

Incarcerated

v. to imprison, confine, jail SYN: intern, immure ANT: liberate, release, free

Incumbent

adj. obligatory, required; n. one who hold a specific office at the time spoken of SYN: adj. mandatory, necessary ANT: adj. optional unnecessary

Jocular

adj. humorous, jesting, jolly, joking SYN: waggish, facetious, droll, witty ANT: humorless, solemn, grave earnest, grim

Ludicrous

adj, ridiculous, laughable, absurd SYN: risible, preposterous ANT: heartrending, poignant, pathetic

Mordant

adj, biting or caustic in thought, manner, or style; sharply or bitterly harsh SYN: acrimonious, acidulous, sardonic, scathing ANT: bland, mild, gentle, soothing

nettle

(n.) a prickly or stinging plant; (v.) to arouse displeasure, impatience, or anger; to vex or irritate severely Synonyms: (v.) peeve, annoy, incense, gall, irk Antonyms: (v.) please, delight, soothe, pacify

pecuniary

(adj.) consisting of or measured in money; of or related to money Synonyms: monetary, financial

Pusillanimous

(adj.) contemptibly cowardly or mean-spirited Synonyms: craven, lily-livered Antonyms:southhearted, courageous, daring

Recumbent

(adj.) in a reclining position, lying down, in a posture of one sleeping or resting Synonyms: prone, prostrate, supine, inactive Antonyms: erect, upright, energetic, dynamic

stratagem

(n.) a scheme to outwit or deceive an opponent or to gain an end Synonyms: ruse, trick, ploy, subterfuge