MIDTERM STUDY

Berlin Conference of 1884-1885

A conference that divided Africa among European colonial powers.

Three C's

The reasons European powers believed they needed to colonize Africa - Christianity, commerce, and civilization.

White man's burden

The belief that the white race had a duty to civilize non-white races.

Suez Canal

A canal controlled by Britain that provided easier access to its holdings in Asia, such as India.

Indirect Control

A method of colonial management where local governments were used and limited self-rule was granted.

Direct Control

A method of colonial management where foreign officials ruled and there was no self-rule.

Assimilation

The goal of direct control, where the colonized people were expected to adopt European culture.

Russo-Japanese War

A war between Japan and Russia that began with a surprise attack by Japan on the Russian ship Sin.

Spanish-American War

A war that resulted in the United States becoming an imperial power in Latin America and the Pacific.

Protectionism

The policy of placing high tariffs on imports to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

Monroe Doctrine

A policy discouraging European countries from establishing colonies in Latin America.

Roosevelt Corollary

An addition to the Monroe Doctrine that allowed the United States to act as an international police force.

World War I

A global conflict that began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and ended with the Treaty of Versailles.

Trench Warfare

A type of warfare where soldiers protected themselves from enemy gunfire in trenches.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Germany's policy of sinking any ship in British waters without warning.

Zimmerman Telegram

A telegram sent by Germany to Mexico, proposing an alliance against the United States.

Fourteen Points

Woodrow Wilson's vision for the post-war world, including self-determination and the creation of a League of Nations.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that ended World War I and blamed Germany for the entire war.

Weimar Republic

Germany's new democratic government established in 1919.

Isolationism

The policy of keeping out of foreign affairs, which many Americans wanted to return to after World War I.