Chapter_5_PPT.pptx

Tissues

Groups of similar cells and extracellular materials that perform a common function.

Epithelial Tissue

A type of tissue that covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands.

Connective Tissue

The most diverse, abundant, and widely distributed tissue type that supports, binds, and protects other tissues.

Muscle Tissue

A type of tissue responsible for movement, consisting of contractile cells.

Nervous Tissue

Tissue composed of neurons and glial cells, which are responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses.

Simple Epithelium

A single layer of cells that lines surfaces and cavities, allowing for absorption and secretion.

Stratified Epithelium

Two or more layers of cells that provide protection against abrasion and mechanical stress.

Squamous Cells

Flat and wide epithelial cells that facilitate diffusion and filtration.

Cuboidal Cells

Cube-shaped epithelial cells that are involved in secretion and absorption.

Columnar Cells

Tall, slender epithelial cells that are involved in secretion and absorption.

Transitional Epithelium

A type of epithelium that can change shape depending on the stretching of the tissue.

Glands

Structures made of epithelial tissue that secrete substances either for use in the body or for elimination.

Endocrine Glands

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream without the use of ducts.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that use ducts to transport secretions to epithelial surfaces.

Merocrine glands

Glands that release their secretions via exocytosis.

Apocrine glands

Glands that release secretions when the apical portion of the cell pinches off.

Holocrine glands

Glands that release secretions when the entire cell ruptures.

Collagen Fibers

Strong, flexible fibers that provide support and structure to connective tissue.

Elastic Fibers

Thin fibers that allow tissues to stretch and return to their original shape.

Ground Substance

The non-cellular component of the extracellular matrix that provides support for connective tissues.

Fibroblasts

The most abundant resident cells in connective tissue, responsible for producing fibers and ground substance.

Macrophages

Wandering cells in connective tissue that engulf pathogens and debris.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage that provides smooth surfaces for joint movement and support.

Fibrocartilage

Weight-bearing cartilage that resists compression and acts as a shock absorber.

Elastic Cartilage

Cartilage that maintains shape while allowing for flexibility.

Compact Bone

Dense bone that provides strength and support and is structured in osteons.

Spongy Bone

Lightweight bone that has a lattice-like structure, found in the interior of bones.

Blood

A fluid connective tissue that transports nutrients, wastes, and gases throughout the body.

Neurons

The primary cells of nervous tissue, responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Glial Cells

Support cells in the nervous tissue that provide protection and nourishment to neurons.

Body Membranes

Thin layers formed from epithelial tissue bound to underlying connective tissue.

Mucous Membrane

Lines body cavities that open to the outside and provides lubrication and protection.

Serous Membrane

Lines body cavities that do not open to the outside, producing serous fluid to reduce friction.

Cutaneous Membrane

The skin, which protects internal organs and prevents water loss.

Synovial Membrane

Lines joint cavities and produces synovial fluid for lubrication.