classical mythology midterm

who did the universe start with

chaos

ouranous

sky

gaia

earth

successors of ouranos and gaia

titans, kyklopes, and hundred handers

what do the olympian muses do

inspire the poets

what do the fates do

measure human life

helios

sun god

selene

moon god

eos

dawn god

thanatos

god of death

hypnos

sleep god

atlas

titan who holds up the sky

prometheus

Titan who stole fire for human

pandora

the first woman, Pandora, who was created by the gods and given a mysterious box as a gift, with a strict warning not to open it. Driven by curiosity, Pandora disobeyed and opened the box, unleashing all the evils and miseries of the world upon humanity

invocation

a prayer or address to a deity or muse, typically made at the beginning of a literary work (especially epic poems) to seek inspiration or assistance in telling the story

saturn devouring his son

the birth of venus

winged victory of samothrace

prometheus

atlas

death mask of agamemnon

odysseus and sirens

in medias res

in the middle of things

epithet

repeated adjective

epic simile

very long simile

xenia

hospitality

deus ex machina

god from the machine

how is in medias res shown in the odyssey

beginning the story with Odysseus already on his journey

example of epithet in odyssey

rosy-fingered dawn

how is deus ex machina shown in the odyssey

athena comes and puts a stop to all further fighting

how does penelope recgonize odysseus

he knows about their marriage bed being unmovable

how does eurykleia recgonize odysseus

she sees the scar on his leg

how does laertes recognize odysseus

he knows the exact number of trees and vines they planted

how does telemachus recognize odyseus

he comes out of his disguize and tells him

miasma

pollution/defilement

how is miasma shown in the house of atreus

represents the consequences of heinous acts that are believed to taint a family line, leading to a cycle of violence and misfortune across generations

agamemnon

sacrificed Iphigenia in order to launch the fleet for Troy

also father to electra and orestes

killed by clytemnestra

cassandra

agamemnon’s lover, prophet but no one believes what she says

thyestes

tricked into eating his sons by atreus after sleeping with atreus’ wife

orestes

is instructed to kill clytemnestra by Apollo and does so and kills Aegisthus

electra

3rd child of agamemnon, encourages orestes to kill his mother and her lover

how is the curse on the house of atreus finally resolved

they hold a trial for orestes and after a split decision athena comes and says he will live and forces the furies to accept the decision

roman name for zeus

jupiter

greek name for jupiter

zeus

chief/sky god

zeus/jupiter

thunderbolt symbol

zeus/jupiter

roman name for hera

juno

greek name for juno

hera

woman/marriage

hera/juno

crown symbol

hera/juno

roman name for poseidon

neptune

greek name for neptune

poseidon

sea/earthquakes

poseidon/neptune

trident/horses symbol

poseidon/neptune

roman name for athena

minerva

greek name for minerva

athena

wisdom/law

athena/minerva

owl symbol

athena/minerva

roman name for apollo

apollo

greek name for apollo

apollo

music/healing

apollo

bow/lyre symbol

apollo

roman name for artemis

diana

greek name for diana

artemis

hunt/animals

artemis/diana

bow/quiver/hunting equipment symbol

artemis/diana

roman name for dionysus

bacceus

greek name for bcceus

dionysus

intoxication

dionysus/bacceus

attheirsus, wine, grapevine symbols

dionysus/bacceus

roman name for ares

mars

greek name for mars

ares

war

ares/mars

helmet, spear, sheild sumbols

ares/mars

roman name for hephaestus

vulkan

greek name for vulkan

hephaestus

fire, blacksmith

hephaestus/vulkan

anvil, hammer symbol

hephaestus/vulkan

roman name for hermes

murcery

greek name for murcery

hermes

messenger

hermes/murcery

wings symbol

hermes/murcery

roman name for demeter

seres

greek name for seres

demeter

farming

demeter/seres

grain, cornecopia symbol

demeter/seres

roman name for hestia

vesta

greek name for vesta

hestia

home, hearth/firesplace

hestia/vesta

roman name for aphrodite

venus

greek name for venus

aphrodite

love

aphrodite/venus

sexy, gown symbol

aphrodite/venus

roman name for hades

pluto

greek name for pluto

hades

underworld

hades/pluto

serberus symbol

hades/pluto