Sociology final

social sciences are observable facts that involve human society

false

Americans place a low value on work in science

false

the words society and culture are interchangeable

false

a triad is a group with at least two members

false

individuals are born with a personality

false

charles darwin coined the term survival of the fittest

false- herbert spencer did it

a good researched should ignore all existing literature on their topic in order to feed their ideas fresh and remain unbiased

false

accommodation is the state of balance between cooperation and conflict

true

a negative sanction is the threat of a punishement

false

The socially determined behaviors expected of a person performing a role is called role behaviors

false

peer group socialization is the same as family socialization

false

when a person says my country is best of all

ethnocentrism

puberty is the time of mental maturity while adolescence in physical maturity

false

extreme self centeredness is also viewed as narcissism

true

what is an example of non material culture- a book, a rule, or a car

a rule

what is the best symbol of freedom in America

flag

one danger of ethnocentrism poverty, discrimination, food shortage

discrimination

who was the first one to establish sociology

aguste comte, max weber, durkheim

august comte

social science that study human behavior and society

sociology

a norm of american society- stealing from your neighbors or financial responsibility

financial responsibility

first step of research data define a problem or form a hypothesis

define a problem

If two teenagers are casually dating, Whats the purpose of their relationship courtship or entertainment ?

entertainment

socialization and companionship are primary functions of what type of relationship

high level

What is non-material culture? Provide 2 examples of it.

ideas, beliefs, values of a society, defining its culture

2 examples: rules and symbols

What is material culture? Provide 2 examples of it.

physical objects, resources, and spaces people use that defines their culture

2 examples: computers and cars

Who coined the term tabula rasa

John Locke

Television violence has been connected to aggressive youth behavior, insensitivity to the suffering of others, fearful young viewers?

all of the above

Schools intentionally try to transmit social values like style of dress, or good citizenship?

good citizenship

Which is the best example of mass media, a high school or the internet?

the internet

Which is not an agent of socialization, high school, the internet or heredity?

heredity

What type of society does the main form of food production involve collecting wild plants and hunting wild animals?

hunter-gatherer society

Who developed the role-taking theory?

George Herbert Mead

What sociologist coined the term dramaturgy?

Irving Goffman

the social sciences

the disciplines

that use the social world, in contrast to the natural sciences.

psychology: The social science that focuses on the human mind and behavior.

anthropology: The social science most closely related to sociology; the social science that studies the origins and social relationships of humans.

explain sociology

the scientific study of social structure; patterned social behavior

personalities

the sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristics of an individual

Explain the characteristics of a delinquent

subcultures

groups that are perceived to deviate from the normative standards of the dominant culture, as this is variously defined according to age, sexuality, and taste in economic, racial, and gendered terms.

Divorce rates and the newest findings about the largest increase

COVID, unrealistic marital expectations, lack of commitment

35-50%

culture

the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next

the functions of a family

socialization process - Family provides a supportive environment where child is loved and accepted

social emotional maintenence- Family provides a supportive environment where child is loved and accepted

reproductive- System for producing generation after generation

sexual activities- Rules for meeting and marrying

social class- Transmitted through family because they provide economic resources to open doors

economic- Family provides economic necessities of life

person, self, and identity

norms

the established standards of behavior maintained by a society.

People who follow rules of society are seen as 'normal', and people who don't are seen as 'abnormal'. Culture. "The idea, customs, and social behavior of a group of people".

folkways

informal rules and norms that, while not offensive to violate, are expected to be followed.

specific social norms that define and guide societal behavior

List two white collar crimes and List two blue collar crimes

money laundering, mortgage fraud,

theft, tax evasion

difference between socialization and culture

Socialization is what happens when you are surrounded by a culture and you gain some parts of the culture, how ppl understand society and adapt to the norms

culture is what you are born into, raised into and what you grow up around originally

socialization plays a key role in human development, and specifically in shaping personality and mental health/illness. Culture is all-powerful in shaping biological predisposition.

a single parent family

the mother or father takes care of dependent children without a partner

this can have many effects such as being more likely to have behavior problems, psychological problems, lower educational attainment, relationship issues.

Explain the difference between an ascribed status and an achieved status

ascribed status your born with ex: race, birth order, sex, ethnicity

achieved status you earn ex: brother, doctor, friend, coach

nature vs. nurture

nature- refers to innate qualities like human nature or genetics

nurture- refers to care given to children by parents or, more broadly, to environmental influences such as media and marketing

mores

determine what is considered morally acceptable or unacceptable within any given culture.

norms

that are widely observed within a particular society or culture.

difference between a sub culture and a counter culture

subculture- a culture shared by a smaller group of people who are also part of a larger culture but has specific cultural attributes that set them apart

counterculture- groups whose members adopt cultural patterns in opposition to the larger culture.

ethnocentrism

the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture.

the belief that one's own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups.

Has the American family size declined?

yes bc of industrialization and women working and people arent interested in having children anymore

Explain monogamy and polygamy

monogamy- 1 on 1 relationship

polygamy- multiple people in a relationship

Compare and contrast resocialization and desocialization

they both result in a change in identity

resocialization -the process of adopting new values, attitudes and behaviours,

desocialization - the process of giving up old values, attitudes, and behaviours.

resocialization can only take place after desocialization has started

Victimless

a crime that has no direct victim, causes no direct harm to a third party, and involves one or more consenting adults.

The "victim" in a victimless crime is not a person but a given society and its behaviors, norms, and values.

Explain diplomacy and negotiation in relevance to children

the art of effective communication and negotiation. In an elementary school setting, it becomes crucial to teach children these skills as they interact with their peers and navigate conflicts.

culture relativism

not judging a culture to our own standards to our own standards of what is right

gender roles for men

for men to be masculine, they are expected to display attributes such as strength, power, and competitiveness, and less openly display emotion and affection

gender roles for women

For example, some people expect that women will take care of the children, cook, and clean the home,

diplomacy and negotiation in relevance to children

is the art of effective communication and negotiation. In an elementary school setting, it becomes crucial to teach children these skills as they interact with their peers and navigate conflicts.

culture relativism

belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards