Science-7 Review Final Exam Flashcards

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Research

The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources to establish facts and reach new conclusions. It often involves experimentation and analysis to support hypotheses.

Experiment

A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery or test a hypothesis.

Question

A statement or inquiry that prompts investigation and exploration in scientific research.

Hypothesis

An proposed explanation based on limited evidence, serving as a starting point for further investigation and experimentation.

Data Collection/Analysis

The process of gathering and examining data to understand trends, draw conclusions, and evaluate hypotheses in scientific research.

Conclusion

A summary of the findings from an experiment or investigation, highlighting whether the hypothesis was supported or refuted based on the analyzed data.

Mass

Amount of matter in an object

Unit used for Mass

Grams (g)

Instrument to measure Mass

Triple Beam Balance

Volume

Amount of space an object occupies

Instrument to measure the volume of a liquid

Graduated Cylinder

Unit for liquid volume

mL (milliliters)

Instrument to measure the volume of a solid with an irregular shape

Water Displacement Method

How to read a graduated cylinder

(1) Get eye level with the meniscus (2) Read the bottom of the meniscus

Instrument used to measure the volume of a solid with a regular shape

Ruler or graduated cylinder

The distance from one point to another

Length

Units of Length

Meters, Centimeters, Millimeters, Inches, Feet

Instrument used to measure length

Ruler or Meter Stick

Density

Density

Formula for Density

Density = Mass / Volume

Units for Density

Grams per milliliter (g/mL) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)

Instrument used to place a drop of water on a slide

Eyedropper

Used to remove a hot beaker from a hot plate

Beaker Tongs

Used to heat a test tube over Bunsen Burner

Test Tube Holder

Instrument measures temperature

Thermometer

Placed over a specimen on a slide

Coverslip

Direction to move slide if specimen is off-center to the right under microscope

Left

Regulates the amount of light through the stage

Diaphragm

Where you place the slide for viewing on a microscope

Stage

Also called the ocular; the place you look through in a microscope

Eyepiece

Holds the slide in place on the stage

Stage Clips

Objective first used to find a specimen

Scanning Objective

Knob first used to focus on low power

Course Adjustment Knob

Never use this knob on high power

Course Adjustment Knob

Total magnification factor if eyepiece is 10x and objective is 40x

400x

How the lenses of a microscope make the image appear

Upside down

An object with a density greater than 1 will

sink

An object with a density less than 1 will

float

Anything with mass and volume

matter

The measure of the pull of gravity on an object

weight

The force of attraction between 2 objects

gravity

properties include mass, volume, weight & density

general

properties include color, odor, size & texture

specific

The ability to rust by combining with oxygen

oxidation

The amount of mass per unit volume of an object

density

The ability to burn

flammability

The motion associated with the Earth going around the Sun

Revolution

The motion associated with the Earth turning on its axis

Rotation

The time it takes for Earth to make one complete turn

24 hours

The time it takes for Earth to make one complete trip around the Sun

365.25 days

The time it takes from one full moon to the next full moon

Approximately 29.5 days

The season in which the North pole tilts towards the sun

Summer

The season in which the North pole tilts away from the sun

Winter

The angular degree of which the Earth’s axis is tilted

23.5 degrees

Earth's causes seasons

Revolution

The tilt of Earth’s axis causes it to receive unequal amounts of sunlight on its surface

Seasons

What is a Solar Eclipse

occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or part of the Sun's light.

Which labeled star in the constellation Ursa Minor is closest to Earth?

Polaris/North star

solid to liquid

Melting

liquid to gas

Boiling

solid to gas

Sublimation

gas to liquid

Condensation

vaporization at the surface

Evaporation

vaporization throughout

Vaporization

Boyle’s Law

A principle in physics stating that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related, provided the temperature remains constant.

Charles’ Law.

volume changes directly with temperature

Heat transfer through direct contact

Conduction

Heat transfer through the movement of fluids

Convection

Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves

Radiation

Wind can be measured using a

anemometer

The state of the atmosphere at a certain place and time

Weather

The average conditions prevailing in an area over a long period

Climate

The force or push of air molecules on a surface

Air Pressure

The mixture of gases layered around a planet like Earth

Atmosphere

Large bodies of air that have similar temperature and moisture

Air Masses

Moisture that falls from a cloud in the form of rain, snow, sleet or hail

Precipitation

The process where warm air cools and forms a cloud

Condensation

The part of the solution that does the dissolving is called the

solvent.

The part of the solution that is being dissolved is called the

Solute

A solution with a pH value of 9.5 is considered an

Base

What is the Ph of Water?

Neutral, know as 7 on the Ph scale

The simplest pure substances are called

Elements

Two or more chemically combined are called

Compounds

The atomic number equals the number of

Protons

The atomic mass equals the number of + number of

Neutrons, Protons

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number on the

Periodic Table

To organize by observable characteristics

Classify

The scientist who assigned a two-part name to animals

Carl Linnaeus

Most scientific names are from this language

Latin

The largest classification group to which an organism can belong

Kingdom

The two-part naming system used to name an organism

Binomial Nomenclature

The two classification groups used in naming an organism

Genus and Species

The type of science which specializes in classification

Taxonomy

A group of organisms that can breed and produce young

Species

The kingdom to which fish, and fleas belong

Animal

The kingdom to which yeast, and mushrooms belong

Fungi

The kingdom to which bacteria belong

Moneran

The kingdom to which Paramecium, and Euglena belong

Protist

The kingdom to which grapes, and moss belong

Plant

Name the scientist first to observe cork under the microscope and use the term “cell”.

Robert Hooke