Studied by 2 people
Gastroenterology
Branch of medicine that studies digestive disease
Gastroenterologist
The physican that studies the digestive diseases
Enterologist
A physician who studies just the intestines
Gastrointestinal endoscopy
To view inside the GI tract
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
View inside the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, combined called the Upper GI Tract
Colonoscopy
View inside the colon
Cholangiography
An imaging technique that uses a contrast medium to reveal gallstones or another obstruction in the bile ducts
Upper Gastrointestinal Series; UGIS; barium swallow
Radiographic (tracer=barium) images of the Upper GI Tract
Nasogastric (NG) intubation
Medication or food administered or removed through a NG tube (catheter) inserted in the nostrils and ending in the stomach
Paracentesis
Long ,thin needle inserted in the abdomen to remove fluid from abdominal cavity
Abdominocentesis
Long ,thin needle inserted in the abdomen to remove fluid from abdominal cavity
Anastomosis
The surgical joining of two ducts; like in gastric bypass surgery.
Colectomy
Is used when all or part of the colon is removed
Polypectomy
Excision of a polyp
Laparoscopic appendectomy
Minimally invasive removal of appendix
Open appendectomy
Normal invasive removal of appendix
Colostomy
Procedure in which a (mouth-like) small opening is made in the abdomen and the healthy end of the large intestine is sutured in place at the opening, requiring an external bag to hold fecal flow
Colostomy
Happens if there is disease of colon or injury or problem with anus
Dysphagia
Difficult or painful swallowing
Dyspepsia
Difficult or painful digestion
Eupepsia
Normal/good digestion
Anorexia
Loss of any/without appetite
Flatus
Expelling of air from an orifice (the anus)
Diarrhea
Discharge or flow from the bowels
Halitosis
Foul-smelling bad breath
Dysentery
Inflammation of intestines that results in bloody diarrhea
Hyperemesis
Excessive vomiting
Perforation
A hole within a structure is called
Internal organs
What does “visceral” refer to
Hernia
When an organ protrudes through a hole in an organ/tissue that normally contains it
Congenital hernia
When an organ protrudes through a hole in an organ/tissue that normally contains it and is present at birth
Rectocele
Herniation of the rectum
Cholelithiasis
Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
Choledocholithiasis
Presence of gallstones in the common bile duct of the gallbladder
Borborygmus
Rumbling noises from passage of gas through liquid contents inside the intestines
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
Cirrhosis
Scarring and dysfunction of the liver
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Disorder caused by infection of H.pylori bacteria of the mucous membranes
Peptic/ Gastric ulcers
Perforations (open sores) of the stomach and duodenum
Melena (a black, tarry stool) or hematemesis
Acute cases of PUD can cause bleeding of the ulcers and result in
Chronic Liver Disease can cause
Cirrhosis (scarring and dysfunction) of the liver
Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen (ascites)
Jaundice due to elevated yellow pigments called bilirubin serum
IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)
Known as “spastic colon”
Characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel function
Usually caused by anxiety/stress
Crohn Disease
Chronic inflammation of the digestive tract
Regional enteritis
Crohn Disease is also called
Colorectal cancer
Originates from the epithelial lining of the large intestines
Colorectal cancer can cause
Bowel inconsistencies
Blood or mucus in stool
Diarrhea and obstipation (severe constipation)
Stool Guaiac
Test used to determine presence of hidden (occult) blood in feces due to bleeding of ulcers
Hemoccult
Stool Guaiac also called
Stool Culture
Test used to determine presence of microorganisms or parasites causing an infection
Hematemesis
Symptom caused by peptic ulcers, known commonly as vomiting blood
EGD
Abbreviation for the visual examination of the Esophaus, stomach, and duodenum
Flatus
Gas in the GI trac that is expelled
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