Studied by 7 people
digestive blood
Left Coronary artery
branches off the ascending aorta
Supplies blood to both ventricles and anterior two-thirds of the interventricular septum
Anterior
Right coronary artery
branches off the ascending aorta
“the pacemaker“
posterior
Coronary Arteries
supply blood to heart issues.
originate from the aorta
Atrioventricular (AV) valves
control blood flow between atria and ventricles
Right AV valve
has 3 cups (tricuspid valve)
Left AV valve
has 2 cups (bicuspid valve)
Chorade tendinae
cords connect AV valves to papillary muscles on floor of ventricles
left side of heart
(anatomical position)
fully oxygenated blood arrives from lungs via pulmonary veins
send blood to all organs via aorta
right side of heart
(anatomical position)
lesser oxygenated blood drives from inferior and superior vena cava
blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk
Semilunar valves
control flow into great arteries ; open / close because of blood flow + pressure
Pulmonary semilunar valve
between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic semilunar valve
between ventricle and aorta
Dentin
hard yellow tissue that makes up most of the tooth
Enamel
covers crown and neck
Periodontal Ligament
holds tooth to the alveolus (socket)
Cementum
covers root attaches to periodontal ligament
living tissue that can regenerate?
Dentin & Cementum
Root canal
in the root leading to the pulp cavity in the crown
where is the Parotid glands
anterior to the ear between the master muscle and skin
salivary gland
where is the Submandibular gland
along the medial aspect of the mandible
salivary gland
sublingual gland
lie under tongue
salivary gland
Lipase
fat breakdown
amylase
starch breakdown
Duodenum
shortest
jejunum
medium
ileum
longest
Cystic duct
gallbladder duct
joins the hepatic duct to form the common bile ducts
pancreatic duct
runs length wise through the middle of the gland
Intrahepatic bile duct
a network of small tubes that carry bile inside the liver
accessory pancreatic duct
smaller duct that branches from the main pancreatic duct
Lobes of the liver
right
left
quadrate
caudate
five stages of digestion
ingestion, digestion, absorption, compaction, defecation
accessory organs of the digestive system
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
alimentary canal
digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
regions of the large intestine
cecum, colon, appendix, haustrae, teniae coli
cecum
blind pouch marking the beginning of the large intestine. Attached to the ileum
colon
part of large intestine. includes: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon (not present in cats)
appendix
worm-like mass of lymphatic tissue that hangs off the cecum. (not present in cats)
Haustrae
pouch-like outpocketings of the colon wall (not present in cats)
Teniae Coli
ribbon-like, longitudinal strips of muscle. (not present in cats)
small intestine parts
duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ileocecal sphincter, villi
duodenum
first section of the small intestine
jejunum
second part of the small intestine
ileum
the last and longest portion of the small intestine
Ileocecal sphincter
the ring-like muscle that controls the flow from the ileum of the small intestine into the cecum of the large intestine
villi
very small (cannot see on intestine model), finger-like projections of the intestinal mucosa.
large instestine function
Absorption of water
Formation of feces
Expulsion of feces from the body
small intestine function
Absorbs most nutrients; Main absorption organ of the digestive tract
salivary glands list include WHAT?
parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands
partoid gland function
produce saliva (spit) to keep your mouth lubricated, and to aid in chewing and digestion.
sublingual gland function
lubricates the oral cavity which allows for swallowing, initiating digestion, buffering pH, and dental hygiene
functions of submandibular gland
produces saliva, which moistens the mouth and aids in chewing, swallowing, digestion, and helps to keep the mouth and teeth clean.
where is bile produced
liver
where is bile stored
gallbladder
mesentery definition
attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall, and also helps storing the fat and allows the blood and lymph vessels, as well as the nerves, to supply the intestines.
ligament definition
connect two or more organs to each other
Mesoduodenum
Anchors duodenum to the dorsal body wall
Mesentery proper
anchors the jejunum and the ileum to the dorsal body wall
Mesocolon
anchors the majority of the colon to the dorsal body wall
Mesorectum
anchors the rectum to the dorsal body wall
falciform ligament
attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
Ligamentum teres(round ligament):
): thickened, unattached front edge of the falciform.
Median suspensory ligament of the bladder:
extends from the midline of the bladder to the ventral body wall.
Lateral ligament of the bladder
extend from the lateral edges of the bladder to the lateral body walls.
Broad ligament of the uterus
extends from the dorsal body wall to attach lengthwise on the uterine horn's dorsal side.
Round ligament of the uterus
extends from the lateral body wall and attaches perpendicular to the broad ligament about halfway up each uterine horn.
(whole name is needed when identifying)
Gastrosplenic ligament
connects spleen to the stomach (is part of the greater omentum but spleen is not part of the digestive system)
Greater Omentum
sac-like fold of membrane extending from the greater curvature of the stomach and covering the small intestine and colon.
(Lace apron)
Lesser Omentum
Extends from the lesser curavature of the stomach to the liver.
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
Platelets
Cell fragments from special cell in bone marrow
Aid in blood clotting
Leukocytes
white blood cells
Granulocytes list
-Neutrophils (60%-70%)
-Eosinophils (2%-4%)
-Basophils (<1%)
Agranulocytes (without granules)
-Lymphocytes (25%-33%)
-Monocytes (3%-8%)
Leukocytes LIST
Granulocytes + Agranulocytes
Neutrophils
primary task is to destroy bacteria
Eosinophils
secretes chemicals that weaken or destroy large parasites
ex tapeworms, allergies, diseases of the spleen
Basophils
increased numbers in chickenpox, sinusitis, diabetes
what do basophils secrete
histamine and heparin
histamine (vasodilator)
speeds flow of blood to an injured area
heparin (anticoagulant)
promotes the mobility of other white blood cells in the area
Lymphocytes
increased numbers in diverse infections and immune responses
- Secrete antibodies and provide immune memory
Monocytes
increased numbers in viral infections and inflammation
Antigens
Complex molecules on surface of cell membrane that are unique to the individual
Antibodies
Proteins (gamma globulins) secreted by plasma cells
Agglutination
clumping of red blood cells
Coagulation
blood clotting
universal blood donor
type O
universal recipient
Type AB
ekg definition
A recording of the electrical activity of the heart
P Wave
atria
contract depolarization
QRS Complex
Ventricular depolarization (contraction)
ST segment
Ventricular systole
Plateau in myocardial action potential
T wave
Ventricular repolarization (relaxation)
Pulmonary semilunar valve
in opening between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic semilunar valve
in opening between left ventricle and aorta
Note
Flashcard