German Expressionism

Q: Who was the first female artist to paint a nude self-portrait?

A: Paula Modersohn-Becker

Q: What was the name of the German Expressionist group founded in 1905?

A: Die Brücke (The Bridge)

Q: Which artists were among the founders of Die Brücke?

A: Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, Ernst Kirchner, and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

Q: What was a major theme in Die Brücke's artwork?

A: Nudes in nature

Q: Which cultures inspired Die Brücke artists?

A: African and Oceanic cultures

Q: What did Die Brücke artists revere from the Medieval period?

A: Woodcuts and printmaking

Q: Who briefly joined Die Brücke?

A: Emil Nolde

Q: What is the title of Emil Nolde's famous 1912 woodcut?

A: Prophet

Q: What was the name of the German Expressionist group founded in 1911?

A: Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider)

Q: Who were the key artists in Der Blaue Reiter?

A: Vasily Kandinsky, Franz Marc, and Gabriele Münter

Q: What did Der Blaue Reiter aim to reveal through their art?

A: The spiritual side of reality

Q: What was the title of Kandinsky's 1911 book?

A: Concerning the Spiritual in Art

Q: What did Kandinsky believe artists should follow?

A: An "inner necessity" and the expression of inner emotions

Q: How did Kandinsky view the relationship between painting and music?

A: He saw them as similar abstract forms that stir the soul

Q: What is synesthesia?

A: A condition where one sense is simultaneously perceived by another, such as seeing colors when hearing music

Q: Who was the first artist to paint in a purely abstract style?

A: Hilma af Klint

Q: When did Hilma af Klint gain recognition for her work?

A: In 1986 and 2019 through exhibitions

Q: What was Hilma af Klint searching for in her art?

A: Spiritual knowledge and unity beyond the dualities of the world

Q: What is the title of one of Hilma af Klint's famous series?

A: The Ten Largest

Q: What was a common theme in Die Brücke's depiction of humanity and nature?

A: Tension rather than harmony

Q: What did Die Brücke look to as an expression of "authentic" national culture?

A: The German Medieval past

Q: What was the title of Pechstein's 1910 painting inspired by African culture?

A: Somali Dancers

Q: What was the title of Nolde's 1913 painting of a dancer?

A: Female Dancer

Q: What did Kandinsky title many of his abstract works?

A: Composition and Improvisation

Q: What did Kandinsky's abstract forms primarily focus on?

A: Spirituality and the artist's "inner necessity"