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Organism
A living thing.
Habitat
An environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce.
Biotic factors
A living part of an organism's habitat.
Abiotic factors
A nonliving part of an organism's habitat.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants and some other organisms capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water.
Species
A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
Population
All the members of one species in a particular area.
Community
All the different populations that live together in an area.
Ecosystem
The community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving surroundings.
Ecology
The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.
Estimate
An approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions.
Death rate
The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time.
Immigration
Moving into a population.
Emigration
Leaving a population.
Population density
The number of individuals in an area of a specific size.
Limiting factors
An environmental factor that causes a population to decrease.
Carrying capacity
The largest population that an area can support.
Natural selection
A process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its environment become more common in a species.
Adaptations
A behavior or physical characteristic that allows an organism to live successfully in its environment.
Niche
The role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living.
Competition
The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource.
Predation
An interaction in which one organism kills another for food.
Predator
The organism that does the killing in a predation interaction.
Prey
An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism.
Symbiosis
A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit.
Commensalism
A relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
Parasitism
A relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it.
Parasite
An organism that lives inside or on another organism and takes food from the organism in or which it lives.
Host
An organism that provides food to a parasite that lives on or inside it.
Succession
The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time.
Primary succession
The series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist.
Pioneer species
The first species to populate an area.
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