BIG BANG THEORY (Lesson 1)

The Big Bang Theory

Theory that the smallest particle can turn into the largest galaxy

Radiation Era

Has 6 different Epochs and happened right after the Big Bang

Matter Era

Created the Second Element, Hydrogen

Helium

The first element and was created in the Radiation Era

Matter, Energy, and Space

Created during the Big Bang

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

This was when protons, neutrons, and electrons combined to create the first atomic nuclei.

Subatomic Particles

Formed because the universe was SO HOT

Light Elements

Created because Neutrons decayed onto protons & electrons

Nuclear Fusion

This is where the nuclei should acquire a specific temperature to fuse with another

Red Shift

Shift of spectrum lines to the low-frequency / red part of the electromagnetic spectrum

Doppler Effect

From a moving source to a stationary observer waves are compressed & object is clother to you

Star

Used to tell the distance of a planet from Earth

Edwin Hubble

“The universe is expanding”

Cosmic Microwave Background

Radiation Remnant from the Big Bang

Interstellar Matter

Composed of 24% Helium, 74% Hydrogen, 2% Other

Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Fusion reactions that occur inside a star

Proton-Proton Cycle

First fusion which is a 3-stage process that converts hydrogen to helium

Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Cycle

A 6-stage process that occurs in stars with masses higher than the SUN

Red Giant Stars

A dying star in its final stages.

Triple-Alpha

This is where carbon is formed with 3 Alpha particles

Alpha Ladder

Fusion to form heavier elements, and the nucleus looks like it’s climbing up a ladder.

Slow Neutron Capture

Increases mass by 1, with a low neutron density & intermediate temperature

Supernova Explosion

Last evolution of a massive star that alter abundance of Oxygen an Silicone

R-Process

This states that when neutron halts, the process stops

Universe

EVERYTHING (matter, light, & energy)

Big Bang & Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Formation of Light & Heavy Elements