Philosophical Periods (Textbook)

Information on each time period

What does ancient Chinese philosophy study?

The relationship between the celestial and Earthly realms.

What is perceived to hold society together?

The piety and loyalty shown to parents or the emperor.

Correctness in speech and thought.

What time period was Chinese mystic philosopher Lao Tzu, who founded Taoism involved in?

Classical period

Philosophers among the Indian Upanishads

Yajnavalkya and Gargi Vachaknavi

Who was Plato the student of?

Socrates

Who was Plato the teacher of?

Aristotle

Who do people believe that their philosophies provided the basis for western philosophy?

Plato

What fields do Plato’s writings belong to?

Metaphysics and ethics

Who contemplated and wrote extensively about aesthetics, logic, physics, biology, theatre, and poetry?

Aristotle

Stoicism timeline

Began around 301 BCE

Continued until about 180 CE

Stoicism founder

Zeno

Major Philosophers during stoicism

Panaetius, Posidonius, Seneca, and Marcus Aurelius

What type of philosophy was stoicism?

Spiritual, followers reflecting on good, evil, and logic on a daily basis.

Hypatia of Alexandra

A philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer.

Followed neo-Platonism

What did the Medieval Period present?

Presented us with a myriad of philosophical thinkers in logic, physics, theology, and politics.

Central figures in the Medieval Period

Adi Shankara, Ibn Rushd, Thomas Aquinas, Shri Madhvacharya, and William of Occam.

When did the rebirth of classical ideas happen?

Between the Middle Ages and the Enlightenment

Neoplatonism

A religious and mystical philosophy that began in the 3rd century CE

Gained popularity as did humanism

A philosophical movement that involved changing the education systems

Philosophers from the Renaissance Period

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne and Francis Bacon

What marked the beginning of the Enlightenment Period?

Newton’s publication of the Principia in 1687

What marked the end of the Enlightenment Period?

The French Revolution in 1789

Philosophers associated with the Enlightenment Period:

John Locke

David Hume

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Immanuel Kant

“I think, therefore I am” said by French philosopher,

Rene Descartes, a key philosopher in the early modern period and a pivotal figure in the Scientific Revolution

How long did the Early Modern Period last?

1500 to 1800

Whose work characterized the Early Modern Period

Thomas Hobbes whose work overlaps with the Enlightenment Period

And French mathematician and Catholic Philospher Blaise Pascal.

Massive industrialisation and significant developments in science and technology was seen in what period?

The Late Modern Period

Philosophers that overlapped in the Late Modern Period:

John Locke

David Hume

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Immanuel Kent

Other figures in the Late Modern Period

Gottfried Leibniz

George Berkeley

Jeremy Bentham

Deconstruction, existentialism, structuralism, naturalism, and quietism all emerges as different philosophical approaches during what period?

The Contemporary Period

Philosophers in the Contemporary Period:

Jean-Paul Sartre

Simone de Beauvoir

Michel Foucault

Jacques Derrida

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Martin Heidegger