CEIS 420 Chapter 5: Writing Applications that Scale

Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)

The most popular and standardized implementation of a message queue or message-oriented middleware (MoM) that provides features such as queuing, routing, reliable delivery, and security

aiohttp

A module that provides a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server to work with the asyncio module and supports features.

Asynchronous processing

A form of concurrency in which operations are performed asynchronously with no specific ordering of tasks with respect to time

Asyncio

A module in Python that provides support for writing concurrent and single threaded programs using co-routines

Barrier

An object that allows a fixed set of threads to wait for each other, synchronize to a particular state, and then continue execution 

Celery

A distributed task queue that is written in Python, which works using distributed messages 

Co-operative multitasking

A scheduling technique in which operating systems play no role in deciding the priority and execution of competing threads or processes and a process or thread willingly yields control for another process or thread to run

Condition

An object that is useful for threads to synchronize while waiting for arbitrary conditions 

Event

An object that provides a basic signaling mechanism between threads

Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)

A global lock that prevents multiple threads from executing native bytecode at once

Hot Standby (hot spare)

A technique used to switch to a system that is ready to serve requests, but is not active until the moment the main system goes down

joblib

A package that provides a wrapper over multi-processing to execute code in loops in parallel

Lock

An object that is useful for synchronized protected access to share resources

Multiprocessing

A form of concurrency that allows running a program in multiple processes instead of a single process

Multithreading

The simplest form of concurrency that allows performing parallel tasks in different threads

OpenMP

An open application programming interface (API) is a computing interface that defines interactions between multiple software inter that supports shared memory multiprocessing in C/C++ and Fortran by using special work-sharing constructs as pragmas (special instructions to compilers) indicating how to split work among threads or processes

Parallelism

A technique that requires that tasks execute together at a given time

pre-emptive multitasking

A scheduling technique in which operating systems guarantee that each thread will have a fair share of the execution time, all other things being equal

Python Imaging Library (PIL)

A free and open-source additional library for the Python programming language that add support for opening, manipulating, and saving many different image file formats

Semaphore

An object that allows synchronized access to limited resources

Throttling

The automatic restricting or slowing down of a process based on one or more limits

Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI)

A specification for a standard interface between Python web application Frameworks and web servers