The American Pageant Chapters 1-8

How did civilization occur in North America

They crosses from Asia to North American on a bridge during the Ice Age.

3 Sister Farming

Growing of corn, squash, and beans. The corn depletes the soil of nitrogen, beans put back the nitrogen and grow up the corn stalk, squash provide ground cover and holds in moisture.

What do the Spanish conquistadors come to the New World looking for?

The Three G's- gold, glory, god

Treaty of Tordesilla

Signed by Spain and Portugal, dividing the territories of the New World; Spain received the bulk of territory in the Americas, compensating Portugal with titles to lands in Africa and Asia

Why did exploration start?

To spread Christianity, cheap trade routes, and to expand empires.

The Columbian Exchange

The transfer of goods, crops, and diseases between New and Old World societies after 1492

What was the leading cause of death?

disease

Ecominda System

The government gave Indians to colonists in exchange to Christianize those Indians.

What caused the end of the Spanish Empire?

The defeat of the Spanish Armada

Why did Jamestown almost fail?

The men were more of gentlemen and did not know how to work labor. The land was rough, bad location, conflict with Indians, diseases, swampy area and all they wanted to do was profit economically.

What saved Jamestown?

Tobacco

What is the difference between Maryland and Virginia.

Maryland- was a save haven for religious rights.

Virginia- wanted to profit economically

What kind of colony was Georgia?

They were a penal colony- prisoners, criminals, debtors and a buffer colony- to protect the Carolinas from Spanish in Florida and French in Louisiana.

Joint-stock colony

Bought and sold stocks

(ex) Jamestown, 1607 they arrive from a charter from King James.

"Starving Time"

First times of Jamestown, malnutrition, no drinking water, yellow fever, malaria, but later saved by John Smith.

Proprietorship colony

(ex) Maryland- religious save haven for Catholics, lived off tobacco, depended on labor of indentured servants.

Royal colony

Set up from the crown of England.

(ex) Georgia

What was the primary motivation for settlement?

religious freedoms

"we are to be a city upon a hill"-John Winthrop

He wanted the Mass. Bay Colony to be a holy and moral representation example to others.

Middle colonies

New York

New Jersey

Delaware

Pennsylvania

Southern colonies

Georgia

South Carolina

North Carolina

Virginia

Maryland

New England colonies

Massachusetts

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New Hampshire

Mayflower Compact

An agreement to submit the will of majority and form a government.

Bacon's Rebellion

Dissatisfaction in Virginia colonist bc governor too friendly to natives and refused to fight back to them.

Head Right System

Gave someone 50 acres for paying the passage of an immigrant who would become an indentured servant to the new land

New England education was mandatory for?

Any town with 50+ people

Slave Code

Made slaves, slaves for life, illegal to teach them how to read or write.

What event changes indentured servants to slaves?

Bacon's Rebellion

Half way covenant

Allows people to be part of the church without being full members. It weakened distinction between elect and others.

Triangular Trade

Ship would leave NE port with rum and sell to Africa, pick up slaves in Africa and drop off the rum, sail to the West Indies and pick up molasses, then head back to NE.

Great Awakening

Tension between churches.

-different beliefs, conflict with what's true.

Jonathan Edwards

Said through faith and God one could obtain eternal life.

George Whitefield

Talked "old lights"- old clergymen, didn't want change vs "new lights"- defended Great Awakening- saw as an opportunity open to change

Arminainaism

Named after Jacobus Arminius, idea that you had free will in your salvation

Zinger Trial

John Zinger made an article against the governor, court found him not guilty. Everything he wrote was then paved the way for freedom of the press.

Proclamation of 1763

Prohibits settlement beyond the Alps. Done because of Pontiacs Rebellion.

Join or die cartoon expressed

Unity

Ohio Valley

Battleground among the Spanish, French and British.

-lush, fertile, and very good land.

Main purpose of the Stamp Act

To raise money for the British troops stationed in America.

Stamp Act Congress

The first colonial step toward unity against Britain. 27 delegates from 9 colonies drew up a statement of rights and grievances and beseeched the king and parliament to repeal.

Why did England pass the Intolerable Acts?

Because of the Boston Tea Party

First Continental Congress

Met to consider ways of redressing colonial grievances, 55 men, 12 out of 13 colonies came. A response to the Intolerable Acts.

Declaratory Act

Defined the constitutional principle that it would not yield; absolute and unqualified sovereignty over its North American colonies.

Intolerable Acts

Closed the tea-stationed harbor until the damages from the Boston Tea Party were paid and order could be ensured.

The Association (John Adams)

Called for a complete boycott of British goods, non-importation, exportation, consumption.

Mercantilism

Wealth was power and that a countries economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold and silver in its treasury.

Common Sense

Argued that the colonist outgrew British denomination and should be given independence.

Olive Branch Petition

Professed American loyalty to the crown and begging the king to prevent further hostilities.

What was the last battle?

Yorktown

Paris Peace Conference

British had to recognize US as independent state

They had to give Florida to Spain

No prosecution for loyalists

US paid debt to England

US borders were established