Big Idea 4: Computer Systems and Networks

Internet

is a network of networks.

Routers

are computing devices along a path that send the information along to the next stop on the path.

Routing

is the process of finding a path from sender to receiver

Bandwidth

is a measure of the maximum amount of data that can be transferred through a channel or network connection.

Internet protocol (IP)

is responsible for addressing and routing your online requests.

Transmission control protocol (TCP)

is a protocol that defines how computers send packets of data to each other.

User datagram protocol (UDP)

is a protocol that allows computer applications to send messages without checking for missing packets to save on time needed to retransmit missing packets.

Scalability

is the ability for a system, network or process to handle a growing amount of work in an efficient manner.

Hardware failure

is when a hardware device, such as a computer or printer, stops working properly due to an issue with the physical components.

Operational failures

are any issues or breakdowns in the operation of a business, machine, system, process, etc.

Cyberattacks

are malicious attempts to damage or disrupt computer systems, networks, and data.

Natural disasters

could cause the hardware to be destroyed, bringing the network activity to a halt.

Solar Flare

is an intense radiation that is released from the sun.

Parallel computing

can consist of a parallel portion and a sequential portion.

Multiple processors

can operate independently but share the same memory resources.

Distributed computing

allows problems to be solved that could not be solved on a single computer because of either the processing time or storage needs involved.