Studied by 11 people
speech acts
The performative function of communication.
locutionary act
an aspect of speech acts where the speech itself & the manner it is delivered.
perlocutionary act
an aspect of speech acts where The possible responses to illocutionary acts with more-than-one outcomes.
illocutionary act
an aspect of speech acts where The action being done as the speech is being delivered.
constative
Making something true by saying it
performative
Doing something while saying it
assertives
The speaker's assertion of the truth (i.e. I certify; I swear, etc.)
directives
The speaker's intention to make the listener do his bidding (i.e. do this, don't do that, etc.)
commissives
The speaker's commitment to doing future actions (i.e. I promise, I will, I shall, etc.)
expressives
The speaker's actual feeling being verbalized (i.e., I am sorry, thank you, I'm depressed, etc.)
declaratives
The speaker's ability to make something true just by saying it (i.e., You are the winner, I christen you Paulino, etc.)
speech context
An approach in communication
audience
a factor that means Age, preference, inclinations, orientation, connotations, etc.
setting
a factor that means Determines the register to be used.
purpose
a factor that means To inform, to express, to persuade, to entertain.
speech style
The manner by which speeches are delivered.
intimate
a style of speech style Between people with close personal relationship; less focus on language structure due to familiarity.
casual
a style of speech style Between people with friendly relationship; frequent use of slang and elided statements; common understanding.
consultative
a style of speech style Between strangers or first acquaintances; focus on verbal/nonverbal cues in order to establish connection; attempt to be clear.
formal
a style of speech style Between individuals with an official agenda; speech is planned in advance; background is always provided voluntarily.
frozen
a style of speech style Among individuals participating in a highly formal event; without the intention to be clear; understanding is left for the audience to do.
communicative competence
The ability of the speaker to know what to say and how to say it.
Structural
an aspect of communicative competence Language proficiency in the proper use of grammar, use, and articulation.
diction
The choice and use of correct and appropriate words and expressions.
pronunciation
The way utterances are articulated and spoken out as intelligible words.
syntax
The logical arrangement of words in sentences, and sentences in paragraphs, or utterances in a discourse.
lexical
an aspect of communicative competence an aspect of communicative competence
collocation
The correct word grouping or pairing.
connotation
The suggestive meaning of words.
clines
Varying levels of modification.
pragmatic
Sensitivities to the different ways of communicating in various sociocultural contexts.
gestures of politeness
Certain behaviors or practices that are specific to particular cultures.
powerplay in language
The use of word choices to adjust tone.
informal language
Specific expressions or words that are exclusive to certain groups of people
communicative strategies
The ability to observe and maintain communicative competence by using techniques that prevent communication breakdown.
preventive strategies
Techniques used to avoid incidences of misunderstanding.
restriction
“Let us talk about”
turn-taking
“Now, it’s time to listen to…”
Topic shifting
“The next issue/topic is…”
repair
“What I mean is…”
termination
“To end…”
reparative strategies
Techniques used to fix incidences of misunderstanding.
clarification
“What’s that?” “Could you say that again?”
repetition
Rhythmic builds
rephrasing
“predisposed to inattentiveness” “easily distracted”
affirming
“So, you mean to say…”
supportive strategies
Paralinguistic techniques that make communication strategies more effective
pitch
The highness or lowness of voice.
volume
The loudness or softness of voice.
rate
The no. of utterances per unit of time.
pause
Stops before, during, and after utterances.
juncture
Inter-syllabic transitions
phrasing
Pauses between phrases and clauses.
register
Appropriate word choices.
tone
Use of paralinguistic cues to express emotion.
intonation
The rising and falling of voice.
oculesics
Eye contact.
kinesics
Body language (i.e. facial expression, hand gesture, posture).
proxemics
Physical space/distance.
haptics
Physical contact (i.e. touch).
Note 
Flashcard (40)