Demography & Migration Review

Flashcards for Demography & Migration Review

Arithmetic Density

A measure of population density that calculates the number of people per unit of land.

Physiological Density

A measure of population density that calculates the number of people per unit of arable land.

Agricultural Density

A measure of population density that calculates the number of farmers per unit of arable land.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum number of individuals that an environment can sustain without significant negative impacts.

Population Pyramids

A graphical representation of the age and sex composition of a population.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Demographic Momentum

The tendency for population growth to continue even after fertility rates decline due to a relatively high concentration of people in the childbearing years.

Doubling Time

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Infant Mortality Rate

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model that describes population change over time as a country develops.

Epidemiologic Transition Model

Describes the causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition model.

Malthusian Theory

The theory that population tends to increase at a faster rate than its means of subsistence.

Pro-Natalist Policies

Government policies that encourage child birth.

Anti-Natalist Policies

Government policies that discourage child birth.

Dependency Ratio

The number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive years.

Life Expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

Push Factors

Factors that induce people to leave old residences.

Pull Factors

Factors that induce people to move to a new location.

Net Migration

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

Intervening Obstacle

An environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.

Forced Migration

Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors.

Voluntary Migration

Permanent movement undertaken by choice.

Refugees

People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

Asylum Seekers

Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.