ap psych unit 5 vocab quiz 1

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30 Terms

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health psychology

a subfield of psychology that explores the impact of psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors on health and wellness.

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stress

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging.

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hypertension.

the body releases a surge of hormones when under stress. these hormones cause the heart to beat faster and the blood vessels to narrow. these actions increase blood pressure for a time

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immune suppression.

the diminished or weakened ability of the body's immune system to fight off infections and other diseases as a result of chronic stress

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stressors.

an event, situation, or stimulus that triggers a stress response in an individual

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eustress

“good” stress, situations that are challenging but manageable and can lead to growth

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distress

“bad” stress, situations that are difficult and have a negative impact

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adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

negative experiences that affect a child’s brain and health as they grow into adults

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general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases — alarm, resistance, exhaustion.

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alarm reaction phase

  • phase 1 of GAS

  • sympathetic nervous system is suddenly activated

  • your heart rate zooms. blood is diverted to your skeletal muscles. you feel the faintness of shock. with your resources mobilized, you are now ready to fight back

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resistance phase

  • phase 2 of GAS

  • your temperature, blood pressure, and respiration remain high

  • your adrenal glands pump hormones into your bloodstream

  • you are fully engaged, summoning all your resources to meet the challenge. as time passes, with no relief from stress, your body’s reserves begin to dwindle

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exhaustion phase

  • you become more vulnerable to illness or even, in extreme cases, collapse and death

  • usually there are “warning signs” of exhaustion… heart attacks, clogged arteries, excessive colds/flu, frequent headaches, etc

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fight-flight-freeze response.

a natural, involuntary physiological reaction to a perceived danger or threat. it is a survival mechanism that helps us protect ourselves from harm

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tend-and-befriend theory

under stress, people (especially women) may nurture themselves and others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend).

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problem-focused coping

attempting to alleviate stress directly — by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor.

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emotion-focused coping

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction.

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positive psychology

the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of promoting strengths and virtues that foster well-being, resilience, and positive emotions, and that help individuals and communities to thrive.

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subjective well-being

self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.

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resilience

the personal strength that helps people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.

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positive emotions

can boost resilience by helping people cope with stress and maintain a positive outlook

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gratitude

an appreciative emotion people often experience when they benefit from other’s actions or recognize their own good fortune.

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positive subjective experiences.

contentment and satisfaction with the past, flow and happiness in the present, and having hope or optimism for the future

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well-being.

the experience of health, happiness, and prosperity. it includes having good mental health, high life satisfaction, a sense of meaning or purpose, and the ability to manage stress. more generally, it is just feeling well

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