2: potential difference and electromotive force

Measure of the transfer of energy by charge carriers

What is potential difference

Because charge carriers can transfer enormous amounts of energy through conductors and, if the voltage is high enough, through insulators like air, or people

Why are high voltages dangerous

volts

SI unit of potential difference

V(V) = W(energy) /Q(coulombs)

equation for potential difference

voltmeter

what is used to measure potential difference

in parallel across a particular component

how are voltmeters connected

infinite resistance, so that when connected, no current passes through the voltmeter itself. while this is not possible in reality, most voltmeters have a resistance of several million ohms

what should an ideal voltmeter have

The energy transferred from chemical eneegy(or another form) to electrical energy per unit charge

what is electromotive force

E(V) = W(energy transferred by charge Q)/Q(coulombs)

Equation for electromotive force

W=VQ or W=EQ

2 Equations to calculate energy transfer