Polar/NonPolar Quiz

H2O

polar because of hydroxyl group, bent shape, different EN

CO2

nonpolar because although indiv. O-C bonds r polar, there is a symmetrical shape

CH4 (methane)

nonpolar because C-H bonds have similar EN; bonus explanation: C is .37 more EN than H, so C pulls H towards it, giving C a + charge and H a - charge. The difference in charge makes the molecule polar. BUT symmetry CANCELS ALL DIPOLE MOVEMENT (also w/ carbon tetrachloride, CO2)

NH3 (ammonia)

polar because N-H has significantly different EN

C2H5OH (ethanol)

polar because has OH group

O2

nonpolar bc similar EN

CH₃COCH₃ (acetone)

polar bc has a carbonyl group (O-C)

C₆H₆ (Benzene)

nonpolar bc C-C has similar EN, and whole thing is C-H bonds & symmetrical

HCl (Hydrogen Chloride)

polar bc different EN

CH₃Cl (chloromethane)

polar bc difference in EN (C-Cl)

asymmetric

Is Polar asymmetric or symmetric?

symmetric

Is Nonpolar asymmetric or symmetric

O-C and O-H

what bonds are polar?

O has more EN than C

why is O-C polar?

C-H and C-C

what bonds are nonpolar?

when 2 elements have similar EN

when is something nonpolar?

Phosphate (PO4^ 2-), carboxyl (COOH), amino (NH2), hydroxyl (OH)

What functional groups are polar?

Polar due to the significant difference in EN of O and H atoms

If any molecule/nonpolar molecule has an OH group, what is its polarity and why?

N-H

what is a bond that has significantly different EN's

Alkyl (CH3) and aromatic rings (C6H6)

what functional groups are nonpolar?