interphase flashcards

what are the subphases of interphase in order?

G1, sometimes G0, S, and G2

what happens in the G1 phase?

This is baseline cellular activity and function. Whatever a cell’s job is, like hormone making, will be done here; it’s also growing in size

describe the appearance of the cell in phase G1:

basically normal, it has the regular number of organelles needed to function, no dupllicates, chromosomes are decondensed

what happens in the G0 phase and give examples of cells in it?

cells go here that will not divide/engage is meiosis or mitosis. they are alive and perform their regular cellular functions, but can no longer divide. ex. skeletal muscle can leave G0 and go back to G1 so they can divide and replace themselves; myocardial cells and neurons cannot do that, and so they die instead

describe the appearance of the cell in phase G0:

basically looks the same as it did in G1, normal amounts of organelles with no duplicates; except as it’s not preparing to divide, it isn’t growing in size and is relatively stagnant.

what happens in the S phase?

This is the synthesis phase. The centrosomes, centromeres, and DNA are duplicated, creating sister chromatids by synthesizing histone proteins. notation: 4N2n;

describe the appearance of the cell in phase S:

2 centrosomes, chromosomes are decondensed, but there is double the amount

what happens in the G2 phase?

the cell prepares for division by growing in size and duplicating all it’s other structures, and finishing the previous duplication, such as the mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi apparati, etc. The cytoplasm has been repurposed into the cytoskeleton,

describe the appearance of the cell in phase G2:

it has double of every single structure, chromosomes are decondensed