Chapter 15 (TEST 6)

FUO (fever unknown origin)

the blood culture is usually collected on a patient

Blood cultures are collected…

in either a yellow-topped tube with ACD in it or blood culture bottles containing SPS (Sodium Polanethol Sulfate)

70% alcohol and…

iodine tincture (chlorhexidine gluconate) to prep the arm and fully cleanse all bacteria from the skin

Glycose Tolerance Test (GTT)

Done to detect any abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus. Are allowed to drink water. First obtain a venous fasting blood specimen

Postprandial Glucose Test

A blood specimen is taken 2 hours after the patient finishes eating breakfast/ a meal

Lactose Tolerance Test

Performed on patients to determine lactose (milk, sugar) intolerance. Glucose levels are tested after giving the patient 50 grams of lactose.

Arterial Blood Gases

Provide useful information about the respiratory status and the acid-base balance of patients with pulmonary (lung) disease

Radial

artery of choice, most common

branchial artery

second choice

radial ABG procedure

• The thumb should never be used because there is a pulse

• the patient’s arm should be positioned with the wrist slightly extended and rotated, and check for circulation with the Allen Test.

• no tourniquet is required

• usually at an angle 30 to 45 degrees

Allen Test

apply pressure with your thumbs to both sides of the wrist while you patient pumps there fist. then you release the ulnar side first.

hematoma

this is the most likely complication even when procedure performed properly

peak

drawn when the drug should be at its highest level of concentration in the serum

trough

levels are at the lowest drug concentration in the serum

therapeutic drug monitoring

The phlebotomist should remember that these are timed specimens, and it is very important to collect them as directed
- trough
- peak

blood donor collections

there are age, weight, and physical condition guidelines, like checking their blood pressure, that must be followed for a person to give blood

therapeutic phlebotomy

intentional removal of blood for therapeutic reasons. large amount of blood, usually above 500 ml from a patient

blood band specimens

blood band ID. must include your initials, date, time, and patient’s name