Psyc 332- final practice

1. How is nInt different from nAff?

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2. What is the difference between positive and negative correlates of nPow?

3. Explain how gender, social class and activity inhibition are moderators of power.

4. What leadership motive profile predicts successful, positive management?

5. Based on Obama’s inaugural address, which of the Big 3 motives best suits him?

6. What is the empire building profile, according to McClelland?

7. What is the introversion inhibition hypothesis?

8. Explain the channeling hypothesis.

9. What are the 2 critiques of self-esteem?

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10. Why doesn’t McAdams include self-esteem?

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11. What are the benefits of self-esteem?

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12. Schools often try to boost children’s self-esteem, but it has been argued that this creates

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narcissistic kids. According to Baumeister, what should we focus on?

13. Which two Big 5 traits is narcissism associated with?

14. Explain Leary’s sociometer theory.

15. Explain Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory.

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16. What are the most stable aspects of our personality?

17. Industry is the 4th stage in Erikson’s psychosocial stages. What is the main struggle that

children encounter in this stage?

18. Describe the integrity stage of Erikson’s psychosocial stages.

19. What is the difference between Peter Parker and Mary Jane in terms of their identities?

20. According to McAdams, what is identity mainly about?

21. Name and explain the two components of James Marcia’s research approach to identity?

22. Describe all four of the identity status categories.

23. Research on identity status involves measuring self-esteem before and after giving inflated or deflated feedback. How does false feedback affect people in each of the 4 identity status categories?

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24. What is the feminist critique of the shift form identity to intimacy?

25. Describe all four of the intimacy status categories.

26. Among university students, which identity statuses are associated with which intimacy statuses?

27. How can cultural and sub

cultural differences influence how we explore our identity?

28. Define generativity.

29. Name the 4 generativity statuses. Which is associated with the best outcomes and which is associated with the worst outcomes?

30. What are the 3 components of generativity? Provide an example for each one.

31. Lekes et al. looked at identity versus generativity strivings among young adults and teachers. What did young adults and teachers focus on and how did it affect their well-being?

32. How can your level of generativity influence your parenting?

33. What did Peterson find when looking at how university students with generative parents changed from their freshman year to their senior year?

34. From 50 to 60 years of age, how do O, A and emotional stability change for highly generative individuals compared to less generative people?

35. How does generativity lead to better life outcomes for us?

36. Based on the CBC news clip of Greta T., what can we say about her Big 5?

37. Name two defining features of ASD.

38. Which Big 5 are correlated with ASD?

39. Which Big 5 traits are associated with depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorder, according to Kotov et al.?

40. What is the difference between attachment and autonomy?

41. Based on Hazen and Shaver’s findings, what percentage of university students have secure, avoidant, and dependent attachment styles?

42. Which Big 5 traits are associated with secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment styles, respectively?

43. Name two of the functions of attachment.

44. Name one reason an infant may fail to attach.

45. Although this is rare, some babies have a disorganized attachment style meaning they don’t have an organized pattern of responding. What causes this type of attachment style?

46. What did the results of Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation reveal about the percentage of infants having secure, avoidant, and anxious ambivalent attachment styles?

47. Name some behaviors associated with high quality mothering at 3 months old. What kind of attachment style is high quality mothering associated with at 12 months old?

48. How does a secure attachment influence social functioning at age 5, according to Srouffe?

49. Are our current relationships influenced by the attachment style we had with our mother as infants?

50. What did Hazen and Shaver discover when they compared secure attachment in infancy and base rates among university students?

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51. Simpson et al. looked at infant attachment, peer competence in grades 1 through 3, closest friendships at age 16 and romantic relationships at age 23. What were their findings?

52. What did the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation reveal about the childhood attachment and Big 5 traits?

53. According to McAdams a mother should be 2 things in order to promote her child’s autonomy. What are these two features?

54. Describe the relationship between maternal sensitivity, childhood attachment, exploration, and autonomy.

55. Describe autonomous, controlled and impersonal behaviors, and explain how they’re related to the Big 5, if applicable.

56. Define integration.

57. How is autonomy associated with social functioning?

58. Is being highly autonomous associated with more or less consistency in your Big 5?

59. How are implicit and explicit motives associated with autonomy?

60. Explain emotional integration among highly autonomous individuals (tendency to forget negative experiences and remembers positive ones).

61. Explain social integration among highly autonomous individuals (refers to their general and intimate relationships).

62. According to Hodgins et al., what is the best predictor of university students’ college experience?

63. Define self-disclosure. How do highly autonomous people typically engage in self

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64. Samantha doesn’t like asking for others’ help/input when making decision. Is Samantha considered autonomous? Explain.

65. Complete the following sentence: “Reactive autonomy is \_______ when reacting with peers and it’s \_______ when reacting with authoritative figures.”

66. Koestner et al. looked at how and when people followed experts (racetrack study). What trend emerged among people high on autonomy versus people high on reactive autonomy?

67. Summarize McAdams life story model of identity.

68. In what ways should our autobiographical stories change as we grow older?

69. Complete the following sentence: “Higher well-being is associated with stories that feature________ and _______.”

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70. How are C, A, N and O associated with our narrative identity and life story?

71. Summarize the narrative process.

72. What is the reminiscence bump and what biological and social factors cause it?

73. How are life narratives different among North Americans and East Asians?

74. Name the 2 functions of the life story.

75. Which Big 5 trait is NOT associated with storytelling?

76. Describe the life story method.

77. Name all 7 key features of a story.

78. Name and briefly describe the 7 common dimensions of narrative identity.

79. What are the 5 qualities a story should have? Name and explain each one.

80. What is McAdams’ stance on the relationship between counselling and psychotherapy, and the life story?

81. According to Jane Levinger, what is the relationship between agency themes and mental health/well-being?

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82. What of some of the problems with the life narrative method?

83. What are the 2 key elements of a self-defining memory?

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84. What’ s the difference between semantic and episodic memories?

85. Complete the following equation: “________ + ________ + ________ = well-being and growth

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86. (1st key idea) Complete the following sentence: “Need satisfaction and thwarting is a key characteristic of ________ memories.”

87. (2nd key idea) Complete the following sentence: “The balance of ________ and ________ will predict well-being.”

88. (3rd key idea) Complete the following sentence: “________ memories build psychological resources over time.”

89. What aspects of self-defining memories increase your likelihood of reporting greater well-being?

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90. In what way are holiday memories associated with well-being?

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91. What do memories that fulfill our need satisfaction predict about our relationships?

92. What is the difference between integrative emotion regulation and dysregulation of emotion?

93. Describe the relationship between emotion integration, negative events and well-being.

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94. Why is reaching a threshold of social courage important?

95. Explain the free trait theory.

96. Is Amy Cuddy’s ‘power pose’ a valid way to learn how to be powerful? If not, suggest an alternative approach.

97. In one study, 117 Carleton Psychology students were assigned to one of 3 conditions: “act extroverted”, “act introverted”, and a control condition. In both experimental conditions (act E and act I), what were the results for (1) their experience of positive emotions and (2) the effects ego depletion on their performance on the Stroop task?

98. In another study, university students had to act extroverted or introverted for one week. They measured positive and negative emotional affect, authenticity, and tiredness. What were the results for those in the “act extroverted” condition? What were the results for introverts who were in the “act extroverted” condition?