Cosmetology Mini Cram

These flashcards cover basic concepts in cosmetology, including infection control, hair structure, chemical properties, cutting techniques, color theory, and anatomy.

Sanitize

To reduce the number of germs on a surface to a safe level.

Disinfect

To use a chemical agent to kill a certain number of pathogens on a surface.

Sterilize

To eliminate all forms of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.

Barbicide

An EPA-registered disinfectant used for sanitizing combs, brushes, and other tools.

Cuticle

The outer layer of hair, protecting the inner layers.

Cortex

The middle layer of hair where the strength and color reside.

Medulla

The innermost layer of hair, which can be absent in some types.

Bonds: Hydrogen, Salt, Disulfide

Different types of chemical bonds that affect hair structure.

pH of hair and skin

The natural pH range of hair and skin is between 4.5 and 5.5.

Alkaline

A chemical property that opens the hair cuticle.

Acid

A chemical property that closes the hair cuticle.

Sodium Hydroxide

The strongest relaxer used in chemical hair treatments.

Cutting Angles: 0°

Blunt cut, which creates a straight edge.

Cutting Angles: 45°

Graduated cut, which adds weight and dimension.

Cutting Angles: 90°

Layered cut, which adds volume.

Cutting Angles: 180°

Long layered cut, which elongates the hairstyle.

Color Theory: Blue-Orange

Colors opposite each other on the color wheel can neutralize each other.

Color Theory: Green-Red

Green neutralizes red tones.

Color Theory: Violet-Yellow

Violet neutralizes yellow tones.

Electricity: Watt

A unit of energy.

Electricity: Volt

A unit of electrical pressure.

Electricity: Amp

A unit of electric current.

Skin Layers: Epidermis

The outermost layer of the skin.

Skin Layers: Dermis

The middle layer containing connective tissue.

Skin Layers: Hypodermis

The deepest layer of skin, containing fat and connective tissue.