Microbial Diseases of The Digestive System

Esophagus, Stomach, Duodenum

What part of the digestive system is almost free of microbes?

peristalsis

Why is the esophagus free of microbes?

Gastric juice

Why is the stomach and duodenum free of microbes?

Streptococcus mutans

What is the microbiota found in teeth?

Viridans Streptococci

What microbiota of the digestive system lack lancefield carbohydrates?

Lancefield carbohydrates

What does viridans streptococci lack?

Microbial Antagonism

Refres to where intestinal kicrobiota serve to protect the body by competing with pathogens

Dental Carries

These are second only to common cold

Gingivitis

refers to the inflammation of the gums

Peridontal disease

gingivitis is a form of what disease?

Peridontal disease

it is the inflammation of tissues surrounding the teeth

holes on the teeth

SS of dental caries at early stage

tooth loss

SS of dental carries at later stage

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

Extreme and Rare type of peridontal disease

Trench mouth

AVUG was also called as ( ) in WW1

Streptococcus mutans

CF of dental carries

Dextran

S. mutans produce a polysaccharide slime called blank

sucrose

Dextran comes from?

Dental plaque

Dextran plus fimbriae forms a biofilm called

Fimbriae

if dextran is combined with this, it will form a biofilm called dental plaque

Lactobacillus

These are the ones that produce acid to dissolve the enamel of the teeth

Tartar or dental calculus

When calcium salts mineralize and form plaque

gingivitis

When tartar or dental calculus gets stuck at the base of the teeth, it causes what?

Porphyromonas gingivalis

CF of peridontal disease

Osetomyelitis

When P. gingivalis invades gingival tissue and later on invades the bone, its causes?

Scaling

Physical removal of plaque and tartar

Sucrose

A patient has dental carries, they should avoid foods containing what?

xylitol

() reduces S. mutans

Peptic ulcer disease

Erosion of the linings of the stomach and duodenum

gastric ulcer

ulcer of the stomach

duodenal ulcer

ulcer of the duodenum

perforations

Term used when ulcers pierce the stomach or the intestine

Abdominal pain

Major symptom of peptic ulcer

Helicobacter pylori

Causative Agent of peptic ulcer

Urease

component of H. pylori that degrades urea that is present in the gastric juice which neutralizes stomach acid.

Catalase and Superoxide dismutase

When H. pylori is phagocytized in the blood vessel inder the stomach linigs, what are the two components that inhibit the phagocyte to kill them?

Urease test

Someone with peptic ulcer will be positive at this test

esophageal cancer

Killing all helicobacter will cause

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

inflammation of stomach and intestines caused by bacteria

Dysentery

sever and painful type of gastroenteritis

dysenteriae, boydii, flexneri, sonnei

Four different types of shigella

sonnei

shigella that is most common on industrialized nations

flexneri

Shigella that is most common on developing nations

3

all four shigella species produce type ( ) secretiom systems

enterotoxins

what toxins produces diarrhea in shigella

dysenteriae

what specie of shigella secretes shiga toxin

shiga toxin

a toxin that stops protein synthesis on host’s cells

Yes

is bacteremia a rare compication of shigella? yes or no?

Escherichia coli

CA of travelers diarrhea

coliforms

colon dwelling bacteria

OHK

what are the three letter that describes the antigens for diffeent strains of E. coli

O157, O111, H8, H7

four OHK antigens associated with virulence

O157:H7

shiga like toxins has this strain of E. coli

neutrophils

what cell spreads the shiga like toxins that causes the widespread death of host cellls and tissues

Campylobacter Jejuni

CA of Campylobacter bacteria

true

true or false, nonmotile forms of C. jejuni are avirulent

Chickens

primary source of Campylobacter Bacteria

Jejunum, Ileum, Colon

What does C. Jejuni invade?

Pseudomembranous colitis

severe form of C diff Antimicrobial disease

Pseudomembranous colitis

10 bloody stools per day, formation of pseudomembranes

Clostridium difficle

CA of Pseudomembranous colitis

newborns

C. diff is more on microbiota in adults or newborns?

yellowish lesions

SS of pseudomembranous colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis

SS is yellowish lesions

lumen

where does C. diff only stay?

Toxin A

toxin of C. diff that breaks down junction that holds the cells of the colon together

Toxin B

toxin of C. diff that kilss colon cells upright

True

true or false, for C diff antimicrobial disease…antidiarrheal bacterian should be avoided as diarrhea can diluteand eliminate bacterial cells and their toxins.

fecal transplant

Treatment for C. diff

salmonellosis and typhoid fever

two diseases that are caused by salmonella

False

True or False, Salmonella is a part of the normal microbiota

S. enterica

specie of Salmonella

typhi and paratyphi

CA of typhoid fever

enteritidis and typhimurium

CA of salmonellosis

Contaminated eggs

if typoid comes from contaminated food or water, where does salmonellosis come from?

liver, spleen, bone marrow, gallbladder

When salmonella goes into intestinal cells, it is introduced into bloodstream in these four areas of the body

gallbladder

where does salmonella go before it causes reinfection of intestines

peritonitis

reinfection of the intestine by salmonella sometimes causes ulceration of the intestine causing it to leak at the abdominal cavity causing

typhi

what serotyoe of salmonella goes into the bloodstream?

rice water stools

SS of cholera

Cholera

SS is rice water stools

Vibrio cholerae

CA of cholera

Vibrio cholerae

the only bacteria that is able to survive bothe fresh and saltwater

freshwater

where does V. cholerae starts to get infective? (freshwater or saltwater)?

0139 Bengal

new strain of cholera

1 and 5

how many A toxin and B toxin does cholera have?

A

what toxin enters the cell in the case of cholera?

Adenylase cyclase

what does A toxin of cholera activates as it enters the cell

cAMP

Adenylase Cyclase causes ATP to form into

electrolytes

cAMP causes them to be leaked outside the cell

bacterial or viral gastroenteritis

Bacterial food poisoning can be misunderstood as () by its symptoms

toxin of S. aureus

Bacterial food poisoning is caused by

5

how many enterotoxin does food poisoning have

herpetic gingivostomatitis

refers to oral herpes lesions extending to oral cavity

herpetic pharyngitis

refres to sore throats resulting from other viral infections

herpes esophagitis

oral herpes in immunosuppressed individuals

HHV1

CA of oral herpes

syncytium

where infected cells fuse with uninfected cells

Trigeminal

HHV1 established infection in () nerve ganglion

mumps

infects larges salivary glands