Machines and Conservation

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Momentum

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37 Terms

1

Momentum

A vector quantity that has the same direction as the velocity of the object.

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2

Impulse

A vector quantity that has the same direction as the force.

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3

m*v

Momentum’s formula.

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4

F*t

Impulse’s formula.

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5

equal

Momentum is ___ to Impulse.

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6

Elastic Collision

When both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.

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7

m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1’ + m2v2’

Conservation of momentum and energy.

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8

½m1v1² + ½m2v2² = ½m1v1’² + ½m2v2’²

Conservation of kinetic energy.

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9

Inelastic collision

When either momentum/kinetic energy is not conserved.

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10

m1v1 + m2v2 = m(1+2) * v(final)

Conservation of momentum not energy.

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11

(m1v1)*cos0

Momentum of one afterwards

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12

Potential energy

Stored energy, the gravitational one is due to the position of an object above the Earth’s surface.

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13

Kinetic energy

The energy of motion.

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14

m*g*h

Gravitational potential energy’s formula.

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15

F*d

Work’s formula.

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16

½m*v²

Kinetic energy’s formula.

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17

Joules

All energy and work is measured in ___.

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18

PE + KE

Mechanical energy’s formula.

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19

mgh = ½*m*v²

Top PE = Bottom KE

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20

Simple machine

An object or mechanical device that receives an input amount of work and transfers the energy to an output amount of work.

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21

Inclined plane

The simple machine consisting of a sloping surface, used for raising heavy bodies

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22

Screw

An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

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23

Wedge

Essentially two inclided planes back to back.

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24

Lever

The simple machine that is consisted of an inflexible of material placed over a pivot point called a fulcrum.

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25

Pulley

A wheel on an axle that is designed to rotate with movement of a cable along a groove at its circumference.

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26

Wheel and axle

The simple machine that is composed of two connected cylinders of different diameters.

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27

W/t = F*v

Power’s formula.

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28

E = (out/in)*100% = (AMA/IMA)*100%

Efficiency’s formula.

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29

IMA = d(in)/d(out)

The ideal mechanical advantage’s formula.

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30

AMA = F(out)/F(in)

The actual mechanical advantage’s formula.

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31

W(in)/t

Effort power.

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32

W(out)/t

Resistance power.

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33

F(in)*d(in)

Effort work.

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34

F(out)*d(out)

Resistance work.

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35

F(out)/IMA

Effort force’s formula

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36

Power

The rate at which work is done or the rate at which energy is transformed.

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37

Work

The transfer of energy by a force acting on an object as it is displaced.

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