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stagecraft is what?
A unique adaptation of common construction techniques to the environment of the stage
What are four basic factors in building scenery?
Cost time mobility and illusion
Stock scenery
common in the nineteenth century
four musts of scenery construction.
Light weight adaptable compact and easy to build.
Where did the Greeks perform their theatrical productions
In front of a skene
two devices the Greeks used for scene changes
Pinnikas and Pariaktois
What is the God machine?
A crane like device used fly in a person portraying a god. This god resolves the plot of the play
three major changes to the stage which took place in the Hellenistic period
8-13 foot high stage, epescenion, proscenion
What did the Romans bring to the stage
Elevators
Describe the scenery of the middle ages
manisons lined the back of the stage and represented different scenes
16th century Italian renaissance brought a new scenery techniques which were the....?
Wing and Drop system
Early seventeenth century settings were comprised of what three elements?
Side wings borders and back shutters
the chariot and pole system
Scenery on stage was attached to poles that were wheeled off stage by a mechanism under the stage.
Why was the proscenium created
To restrict the view of the audience
box set
Three walls and a ceiling with and imaginary fourth wall through which the audience views the play.
What happened around 1703
Ferdinando Bibiena introduced the angle perspective
what is this?
box set
How did angle perspective affect stage scenery
Altered the shape of the performance space making it seem larger than it really was. This increased the size of scenery
What are the three objectives of the scene shop
To produce scenery of superior quality quickly and inexpensively
What is the golden triangle and “the common adage”?
Good Fast Cheap it’s easy to get one or two but three is hard to do
What are the three categories of tools?
Stationary power, portable power and hand tools
Choosing the right tool for the job does what for the product
increases quality and productivity
List the stationary power tools that should be available in the shop.
Table saw, band saw, radial arm saw and panel saw
What is the general rule for the height of the blade on the table saw
1/4 inch above the material
What is the rip fence on a table saw
A guide for the material
What is ripping?
With the grain
What is cross cutting?
Across the grain
From which direction should the material be fed into the blade and why?
Against the rotation of the blade
What kind of material is cut by the table saw?
Sheet goods
What is TPI
Teeth per inch
How does TPI pertain to cutting lumber?
it determines the quality and speed of the cut
What is the purpose of the dado blade
To cut grooves wider than the normal blade width
The radial arm saw is used for what?
Cross cutting board lumber
What material is cut and by the radial arm saws?
Board lumber
Name one major benefit the panel saw has over the table saw?
The blade moves, not the material. This makes it safer and more accurate
The band saw is used for making what kind of cuts?
Circular, arcs and irregular curves
What is the throat of the band saw?
The space between the blade and vertical support. Determines capacity
The power miter box is used for what purpose?
Cutting precise angles
What is the most useful drill for the scene shop?
3/8” variable speed reversible CORDLESS drill
List and describe each of the power hand saws in your text
Reciprocating ( jig saw, saws all) Circular ( Circular saw)
Identify and describe the four elements described in your text that combine to make the shop a safe working environment
Knowledge, meaningful safety practices, proper equipment, and the ability to recognize inherent safety hazards.
What is said in your text about distracting conduct
Avoid it at all costs
When sawing, ripping is cutting with the grain.
true
The curved claw hammer has more pulling average?
true
When using the table saw, the material should be fed against the rotation of the blade?
true
The rip fence serves as a
guide for the material
The miter saw is used to cut
board lumber
what is this tool?
circular saw
what is this tool?
crescent wrench
What is this tool?
carpenters sqaure
kerf is what?
The path the blade leaves
What are the three primary materials used in smaller shops
lumber, lumber byproducts and fabric
What two things do we look for when choosing wood?
Straight grain and even texture
For shifting and transporting, wood must possess what characteristics?
Medium weight strong and rigid
what is hard wood
slow growing and expensive
what is soft wood
fast growing and cheap
Lumber is graded for what two qualities?
Appearance and Structural integrity
What is the most common grade of lumber used in scenery construction?
C and Better. It has a limited amount of small blemishes or defects
How is a board lumber sized and sold?
By the board foot
what is full size
before the wood goes through the mill
what is mill size?
actual size of the finished piece
What is meant by sheet goods
Manufactured sheets of lumber by-products
What are the five types of fasteners?
Nails staples screws bolts adhesives
How are nails measured?
D or Penny weight
How are staples measured?
width of the crown length of the leg and gauge of the wire
When are screws most useful?
When the joint has to be taken apart at a later date
How are screws measured?
length in fractions of an inch (1/8”) and diameter of the shank
When should drywall screws NOT be used?
When fastening metal to wood
What situation is great for using self drilling screws?
When attaching wood to metal
How are bolts measured?
Length, diameter and threads per inch
What is a carriage bolt?
has a squared shank and no slot in the head
What is a stove bolt
as threads that go to the head of the bolt and a slotted head
What type of glue is used for most wood on wood applications?
Yellow or carpenters glue
What is this?
carriage bolt
which bolt is this?
stove bolt
What is a caster
a wheel
What are the four basic types of hinges used in theater?
Back flap, piano, strap and butt
Traditional stage hardware falls into what three basic functions?
Bracing, joining and hanging
What is the stage brace used for?
To hold a flat in a vertical position
What is lashing hardware used for?
To join flats quickly and easily with out tools
What is hanging hardware used for?
To hang scenic units over head
List three types of hanging hardware.
Top and bottom hanging iron and d-ring and strap
What are turn buckles used for?
To adjust trim or tension in a cable
Proscenium
common stage for plays
Advantaged of Theatre in the round/arena
how close the actors are to the audience
Disadvantages of Theatre in the round/arena
the scenery is limited, and the lighting angles are difficult
Two-sided theatre
audience is close to the stage however this can cause affect the actor's attention and focus and the backs of the scenery can be seen
Black box theatre
there is flexibility due to no seating , however there can be lighting issues
Thrust theatre
allows close/proximity to the audience , however there cant be much scenery
Open stage
less limiting, more flexible but limited scenery, distance from the last
Proscenium with side stage
not as limiting, and there can be a lot of flexibility however sight lines, lighting angles should be kept in mind
Proscenium/thrust
more playing space (orchestra, etc) however the lighting angles must be kept in mind
What are the two minimum requirements for the theater?
A place for the actor and a place for the audience
four primary configurations of theaters.
Procenium, Arena, Thrust, Environmental
What is meant by sight-lines
Worst case view of the stage
What is the grid?
Structural support for the equipment and machinery used to fly scenery
What does a thrust theater provide the audience?
A more intimate experience
How does thrust theater change the requirements for scenery?
It must be 3D and of superior quality and craftsmanship
Which form of theater offers a 360 degree viewing angle for the audience?
Arena
What is the primary purpose of theater rigging?
To facilitate scene shifts and create special effects
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