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D
Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for acute viral rhinitis?
A. nasal saline
B. Antipyretics/analgesics
C. Decongestants
D. Immunotherapy
C
When should a patient with epistaxis be referred to an otolaryngologist?
A. If the bleeding stops within 5 minutes
B. If there is a single episode of nosebleed
C. If the bleed is recurrent and not controlled by first aid measures
D. If the patient is experiencing mild discomfort
A
Which of the following is a common allergen associated with perennial allergic rhinitis?
A. Dust, house mites, air pollution, and pet dander
B. Flowering plants and grasses
C. Ragweed and molds
D. Pollens and spores
0.5-2%
What percentage of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) cases are bacterial?
pale bluish, edematous
What is the appearance of the nasal mucosa/turbinates during an internal exam for allergic rhinitis?
B
Which of the following is NOT a finding associated with allergic rhinitis?
A. Cobblestoning in the posterior pharynx
B. Swollen red tonsils
C. Retracted TMs with or without serous fluid behind them
D. Allergic conjunctivitis
Flowering shrub and tree pollens
What are common allergens associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis during the spring?
Intranasal corticosteroids
What is considered the first-line treatment for Allergic Rhinitis according to our lecture?
A
What is Montelukast useful for in the context of allergic rhinitis?
A. When the patient has concomitant asthma or nasal polyposis
B. For immediate relief of symptoms
C. As a first-line treatment
D. For skin allergy testing
Allergic shiners, Dennie Morgan lines, Allergic salute
What are the external signs of allergic rhinitis as mentioned in our lecture?
>12 weeks
When is sinusitis classified as chronic?
nose picking
What is the most common cause of epistaxis in children?
B
Which of the following is NOT a complication or ABRS?
A. Preseptal/Orbital Cellulitis
B. Asthma
C. Subperiosteal abscess
D. Osteomyelitis
CT scan of the sinuses
For a patient with chronic sinusitis, which imaging study is the most commonly recommended to assess the extent of disease?
Viral
What is the most common etiology of rhinosinusitis?
C
Which of the following is recommended as part of the symptomatic treatment for AVRS?
A. Antibiotics
B. Antiviral medication
C. Nasal Saline
D. Blood pressure medication
Rebound congestion
Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term use of topical nasal decongestants?
B
ABRS is typically distinguished from a viral infection by:
A. Immediate onset of severe symptoms
B. Symptoms persisting for more than 10 days after initial improvement
C. Symptoms improving within 3 days without treatment
D. The presence of a rash
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
For adults under 65 years old with ABRS, what is the first line treatment?
A
Which of the following is a recommended first aid step for managing anterior epistaxis?
A. Sitting up and leaning forward while pinching the nose
B. Lying down with the head tilted backwards
C. Blowing the nose to clear blood clots
D. Applying a cold pack to the forehead
S. pneumoniae
What is the most common etiological agent for bacterial rhinosinusitis?
Maxillary
What is the most common form of bacterial rhinosinusitis (which sinus)?
D
What is the aim of treatment for nasal trauma?
A. To improve vision
B. to enhance olfactory sensation
C. To prevent dental issues
D. TO maintain nasal airway patency and cosmetic appearance
B
What can untreated septal hematoma lead to?
A. Improved nasal function
B. Loss of the nasal cartilage with resultant saddle nose deformity
C. Decreased risk of infection
D. Strengthening of the septal cartilage