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Terry V. Ohio 1968

A landmark Supreme Court case that established the standard for "stop and frisk" procedures by law enforcement, allowing officers to stop and search individuals if they have reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.

Pennsylvania v. Mimms 1977

A Supreme Court case that upheld the authority of police to order a driver out of their vehicle during a traffic stop for officer safety reasons, even without specific suspicion of criminal activity.

Tennessee v. Garner 1985

A significant Supreme Court case that established the limits on the use of deadly force by police in apprehending fleeing suspects, ruling that such force is not justified unless the suspect poses a dangerous threat to officers or others.

Graham v. Connnor

A Supreme Court case that established the standard for determining whether a police officer's use of force is excessive under the Fourth Amendment, emphasizing that it must be analyzed from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene.

TLO v. New Jersey

A landmark Supreme Court case that ruled on the constitutionality of search and seizure in public schools, establishing that school officials need only reasonable suspicion to conduct searches of students.