Network Operating Systems, Clients, and Servers

Flashcards reviewing key vocabulary related to network operating systems, clients, servers, user accounts, and related concepts.

Network Operating System (NOS)

A computer operating system designed primarily to support workstations, personal computers, and older terminals connected on a local area network (LAN).

Network Operating System (NOS) Software

Enhances a basic operating system by adding networking features.

Basic Operating System Features of NOS

Protocol support, processor support, hardware detection, and multiprocessing support for applications.

Security Features of NOS

Authentication, restrictions, authorizations, and access control.

Service Features of NOS

File, web service, printing, and replication features.

Management Features of NOS

Directory and name services management.

User Management Features of NOS

User management features along with provisions for remote access and system management.

Internetworking Features of NOS

Routing and WAN ports.

Clustering Capabilities of NOS

Capabilities include clustering.

Common Tasks of NOS

User administration tasks.

Maintenance Tasks of NOS

System maintenance activities like backup.

File Management Tasks of NOS

Tasks associated with file management.

Security Monitoring Tasks of NOS

Security monitoring on all resources in the network.

Print Job Tasks of NOS

Setting priority to print jobs in the network.

Client

A piece of computer hardware or software that accesses a service made available by a server.

Client Role

The requesting program or user in a client/server relationship.

Server

A computer or computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.

Server (Networking)

A computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other (client) computers over a local network or the Internet.

Windows Server

A group of operating systems designed by Microsoft that supports enterprise-level management, data storage, applications, and communications.

Windows Servers

More powerful versions of desktop operating systems designed to efficiently handle corporate networking, Internet/intranet hosting, databases, enterprise-scale messaging, and similar functions.

Previous Versions of Windows Server

Focuses on stability, security, networking, and various improvements to the file system.

Windows Server STANDARD

Up to 2 virtual machines per physical server. Development and a testing environment

Windows Server DATACENTER

Unlimited number of VMs. Live migrations and additional security shields.

Linux Server

A high-powered variant of the Linux open-source operating system designed to handle the more demanding needs of business applications.

Applications for Linux Server

Network and system administration, database management, and web services.

Advantages of Linux Server

stability, security and flexibility

Peer-to-Peer Network Operating System

Peer-to-peer network operating system users are allowed to share resources and files located on their computers and access shared resources from others. This system is not based with having a file server or centralized management source.

Client/Server Network Operating Systems

Client/server network operating systems allow the network to centralize functions and applications in one or more dedicated file servers. The server is the center of the system, allowing access to resources and instituting security.

Homegroup

Simplified networking, allows users on a home network to share the contents of their libraries without creating user accounts and permissions.

Domain

A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures.

Workgroup

A collection of computers on a local area network (LAN) that share common resources and responsibilities.

Local User Accounts

Provide access to resources on the local computer, are created only on computers that are not in a domain, are created in the local security database.

Domain User Accounts

Provide access to network resources, provide the access token for authentication, are created in Active Directory directory services on a domain controller.

Groups

Collections of user accounts; members receive permissions given to groups; users can be members of multiple groups; groups can be members of other groups.

User Profile

A set of data that is used to re-create the user's environment each time a user logs on. It includes several folders such as Contacts, Cookies, Desktop, Downloads, Favorites, and more.

Local profile

Stored only on the device. Every user logging on to a Windows endpoint will normally receive a local profile unless another type is defined for them.

Roaming profile

Stored on a file server share and is copied down to the device at logon and back to the share at logoff, allowing users to persist their profile changes. This is defined in AD.

Mandatory profile

A roaming profile that is not saved back to the file share and discarded at logoff. Users cannot persist profile changes and always receive the same profile settings.

Temporary profile

If there is a problem loading a profile or the user's profile is unavailable, then the system will create a temporary profile for the user which is discarded at logoff.

User Account Control (UAC)

Administrators are issued two access tokens—1 standard token and 1 administrative token.