Comparative Cultures 12 - Exam

What is Indian Fatuation?

Romanticized obsession with Indigenous stereotypes that ignores historical realities.

What was the Appian Way?

Rome's first major highway (312 BCE) linking Rome to Brindisi, named after Appius Claudius.

What defined Roman architecture?

Arches, domes, concrete; seen in Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts.

Who was Julius Caesar?

Roman dictator assassinated March 15, 44 BCE (Ides of March), later dramatized by Shakespeare.

What is the Hero's Journey?

Campbell's narrative template: Call→Trials→Return, seen in myths like Star Wars.

What is The Art of War?

Sun Tzu's ancient strategy text now applied to business and leadership.

What are cultural archetypes?

Universal symbols like Hero or Trickster found across world myths.

What is Plato's Allegory?

Prisoners see shadows in a cave; escaping represents gaining true knowledge.

What happened March 15, 44 BCE?

Julius Caesar's assassination by Roman senators. (Ides of March)

What did ancient Egypt contribute?

Hieroglyphics, Great Pyramid, early calendar, and makeup.

What are Idle No More and Oka Crisis?

Idle No More: modern sovereignty movement; Oka: 1990 land rights standoff.

Difference between nation and state?

Nation = cultural group; State = political entity with borders.

What is Stoicism?

Philosophy focusing on self-control, virtue, and accepting what you can't change.

Difference between the Polytheism & Monotheism?

Polytheism = many gods; Monotheism = one god.

Define fast fashion and cod moratorium.

Fast fashion = cheap, disposable clothing; Cod ban = 1992 fishing halt in Canada.

Who was Cleopatra?

Last Egyptian Pharaoh who spoke 9 languages and allied with Rome.

Key contributions of Aristotle, Plato, Homer?

Aristotle: logic; Plato: philosophy; Homer: epic poetry.

What was the Hundred Years' War?

1337-1453 England vs France conflict where Joan of Arc led French forces.

• Causes: Succession to French throne

• Consequences: Decline in trade for both nations

What is Aristotle's Golden Mean?

Virtue as balance between extremes (e.g., courage between cowardice and recklessness).

What is Pan-Indianism?

Movement uniting diverse Indigenous groups across the Americas.

Who is Spartacus?

Gladiator who led a major slave revolt against Rome

Who were the Acadians?

French settlers in Canada (Nova Scotia), who were later deported in the Great Expulsion by the Great Britain

Who was Saint Joan of Arc?

French saint who led armies in the Hundred Years’ War, burned at the stake in 1431

What is Status-quo?

The same old, same old

What are the elements of a culture?

Language, religion, customs, traditions, social norms, art, laws, etc

What is the Philippines?

• Located in SEA

• Uses Pesos

• Capital: Manila

• Republic Government

What is Implicit vs Explicit values?

• Implicit: Unspoken, underlying cultural beliefs

  • Ex: Respecting elders

• Explicit: Clearly stated norms or rules

  • Statement of “Honesty is our policy”