Organic Compounds- Bio and Why do We Eat

Valence Electrons

Electrons on the outer shell

Why is carbon used as the backbone of so many biological molecules

Bonds to other carbon atoms for carbon skeletons and can bond with up to 4 other atoms

Organic compounds properties depend on…

Size and shape of its carbon backbone, atoms attached to that skeleton

What is a functional group

Groups of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other chemical reactions

Why are functional groups said to be polar

Because they have a strong pull

What is a macromolecule 

Contains a large amount of atoms

What is a monomer

Smaller units that are building blocks of larger molecules

Polymers

Chains of monomers linked together 

Dehydration reaction

When a monomer is added to a chain a water molecule is released 

Hydrolysis reaction

Each time water is added to a polymer it breaks down monomers

Carbohydrates function

Energy source

Lipids (fats)

are typically used to store energy and help the body absorb vitamins but are also components of cell membranes

Proteins

Made of amino acids and are involved in almost every cell process- body repair, growth and providing nutrients

Saturated fat is

From animal fats

Trans fat is

unsaturated fat that is turned into a solid fat during food processing