group dynamics quiz 2

group cohesion

refers to the degre to which members are attracted to a group and motivated to remain part of it.

definition

group cohesion is the bond that holds members together and encourages cooperation and commitment

task cohesion

commitment to achieving group goals

social cohesion

emotional bonds and interpersonal attraction among members

types of group cohesion

task cohesion

social cohesion

factors influencing group cohesion

shared goals and values

group success and achievement

frequent interaction

small group size

similarity amog members

effects of high cohesion

better communication

higher participation and morale

increased connformity to group norms

greater productivity

effects of low cohesion

poor cooperation

higher conflict

member withdrawal

cohesio and performance

high cohesio means group norms suport productiity

leadership

process of influencing and guiding individuals or group

psychology and group dynamics

leadership plays a key role in group structure, norms, and cohesion

leadership

ability to direct, motivate, and coordinate group members.

style of leadership

autocratic leadership

democratic leadership

laissez-faire leadership

autocratic leadership

leader makes the decision alone

democratic leadership

members participate in decision making

laissez-faire leadership

minimal leader involvement

leadership fuctions

goal setting

decisio making

maintaining group discipline

motivating members

resolving conflicts

2 types of leadership

formal and informal

leadership and group performance

• effective leadership improves productivity, morale, and cohesion

• poor leadership may cause conflict, low motivation. and inefficiency

traits of an effectie leader

confidence

communication skills

emotional intelligence

responsibility

flexibility

communication patterns

structured way information flows among members of a group

communication pattern

strongly affects decision making, leadership, and group effectiveness

types of commuication patterns

centralized commuication

decentralized communication

cetralized communication

information flows through a central person

decenntralized communication

all members commuicate freely with one another

wheel

leader at the center

chain

informatio flows in sequence

circle

members communicate with adjacent members

all channel (comcon)

eeryoe communicates with everyone

factors affecting communication pattern

group size

nature of the task

leadership style

group norms

technology used

centralized pattern

quick decisios, strong leader control

decentralized patterns

higher satisfactio, better problem soliving

group influence

impact a group has on the thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors of its members.

forms of group influence

conformity

compliannce

obedience

conformity

adjusting behavior or beliefs to match group norms

compliance

changing behavior in response to direct request

obedience

following orders from an authority figure

positive group influence

ecourages cooperation

promotes learnig and skill development

improves motivation and performance

strengthens social support

negative group influence

peer pressure

groupthink (poor decision making due to desire for harmony)

risky or antisocial behavior

factors affecting group influence

group size

cohesiveness

status of the group

unanimity of members

cultural values

resistance to group influence

independent thinking

strong personal values

awareness of social pressure

support from others

group influence

explains how and why groups affect individual behavior, positively and negatively

group decision making

when two or more individuals interact to analyze information, discuss options, and reach collective decision.

advantages of group decision making

more inforation and perspective

beter problem analysis

greater acceptance and commitment

creativity and innovation

more information ad perspectives

members contribute diverse kowledge, skils, and experiences

better problem analysis

errors are more likely to be detected through discussiona nd debate

greater acceptance and commitment

people are more likely to suppoert decisions they helped make

creativity and innovation

brainstorming can generate more and better ideas than individuals alone

disadvantages of group decision making

time consuming

groupthink

social loafing

dominance of strong personalities

time consuming

reaching consensus can take longer thann individual decisions

group think

desire for harmony leads to poor decisions ad suppression dissent

social loafing

some members exert less effort, relyig on others

dominance of strong persoalities

assertive or high status members may overpower others.

how to improve group decisions

brainstorming

nominal group technique

delphi technique

devil's advocate

nominal group technique

members think indepedently before group discussion

delphi technique

experts give opinions anonymously in multiple rounds

devil's advocate

someone is assigned to challenge assumptions