Science Weather Patterns

7th Grade MA Earth Science

anemometer

an instrument used to measure wind speeds & direction by meteorologists

barometer

an instrument used to measure air pressure

psychrometer

used to measure relative humidity

humidity

the amount of water vapor in the air, is invisible, & in a gaseous state.

front

a boundary between 2 air masses

Occuluded Front

when a fast-moving cold air mass overtakes a warm front, it forces the warm air upward and collides with another cold air mass ahead of it.

stationary front

a boundary where 2 air masses meet, but neither's strong enough to push the other out. they stay in place

high pressure system

a large body of circulating air with high pressure at its center and lower pressure outside of the system. Fair weather

low pressure system

a big body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside the system

hypothermia

a condition having an abnormally low body temp due to frigid temps or body goes below 35 °C

what causes changes in weather?

air masses that move & meet.

What’s the eye of a hurricane?

Very calm, no wind, at doldrums & horse latitudes

What are the most powerful storms on Earth?

Hurricanes & typhoons which is called a cyclone in the Indian oceans.

what makes a tornado so dangerous

their fierce energy, fast speeds, winds, and debris

whats the most dangerous part of a thunderstorm

lightning

where should u go during a tornado warning?

if inside, basement or bathroom without windows. if outside, the lowest ditch u can find

what causes lightning?

An electric discharge, a big spark of electricity; air acts as an insulator between the positive & negative charges in the cloud.

how can you find out how far away a thunderstorm is?

Count the number of seconds between the flash and thunder, divide by 5 then you get the miles. If u divide by 3, you'll get the kilometers

How does a hurricane begin?

Warm water & warm moist air near the equator with thunderstorms over the ocean

Finding a high place to wait is a safety measure of what natural disaster?

Floods

What are the most powerful storms on Earth

Hurricanes (Atlantic E. Pacific ), typhoons ( w Pacific), cyclones ( in the Indian oceans

Air mass

This is big body of air that has a similar temp & moisture throughout

Weather

Atmospheric conditions along with short term changes at a certain place & certain time.

Tornado watch

A tornado is possible and conditions are favorable from them

Tornado warning

A tornado has been spotted take cover; an alert that a tornado has been seen and ppl need to take shelter

Blizzard

A severe snow storm characterized by strong sustained & low visibility. Lasts 3-4 hours

at what latitudes do most hurricanes occur?

5 to 20 degrees north and south latitude

what happens to the weather when the dense air inside a high-pressure system sinks?

it warms & dries, leading to clear skies, light winds, & fair weather.

where does a continental air mass form?

in dry land, mainly in the inside of continents, far from oceans.

air mass

large body of air that has the same temp and moisture throughout.

blizzard

a severe snowstorm with strong winds and low visibility. lasts for at least 3 hours,

Where does a continental air mass form?

Dry land, mainly inside of continents & far from oceans over land

What do warm fronts look like on a straight line?

They have a rounded half circle (3 of them) they are all spaced out; only need 3, They are on the top.

What do cold fronts look like on a straight line?

They have triangular spikes (at least 3) pointing downwards, indicating a drop in temperature; they are spaced out along the line.