Synthesis of the Egyptian Architecture

Character

1. Simplicity 

2. Massiveness

3. Monumentality

Material

1. Stone 

2. Brick

System

1.) Columnar

2.) Trabeated

Characteristics

1. Site Plans:Irregular and Asymmetrical 

2. Temple Plans: Rectangular 

3. Openings: Doors are Square-headed

4. Walls:

   1. No Windows

   2. Batter Walls

5. Columns: 

   1. Interior Only

   2. Height - 6d 

   3. Types: Bud and Bell, Foliated, Hathor Head, Osiris, Polygonal etc. 

6. Mouldings: George and Torus

Principal Buildings

1.) Egyptian Tombs

2.) Egyptian Temples

Egyptian Tombs Types

1. Mastaba

2. Pyramid

   a.) Saqqara Pyramids

   b.) Giza Pyramids

3. Rock-Cut Mountain Tombs

Parts of the Mastaba

1. Stele

2. Serdab

3. sarcophagus

Parts of the Pyramid

1. Offering chapel

2. Mortuary chapel

3. Elevated causeway - passage 

4. Valley building - embalmment

Parts of Rock-cut Mountain Tombs

1. Sanctuary 

2. Sepulchral chamber

Egyptian Temple Types

1.) Cult Temple (worship of gods)

2.) Mortuary Temples (in honor of pharaohs)

3.) Minor Temples (called Mammisi temples/ birth house)

4.) Obelisk Temples (monumental pillars)

Parts of Temple

1. Phylon

2. Hypaethral court (open to the sky)

3. Hypostyle hall 

4. Sanctuary

Temple Locations

1. Karnak

2. Luxor

3. Dendera

4. Philae

5. Madinat Habu 

6. Kom Ombo